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The Apnea–Hypopnea Index or Apnoea–Hypopnoea Index (AHI) is an index used to indicate the severity of sleep apnea. It is represented by the number of apnea and hypopnea events per hour of sleep. Apnea is the complete absence of airflow through your nose and mouth. Hypopnea is a partial collapse of your airway, limiting breathing.
The respiratory disturbance index (RDI)—or respiratory distress Index—is a formula used in reporting polysomnography (sleep study) findings. Like the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), it reports on respiratory distress events during sleep, but unlike the AHI, it also includes respiratory-effort related arousals (RERAs). [1]
The Epworth Sleepiness Scale has been validated primarily in obstructive sleep apnea, though it has also shown success in detecting narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia. [3] It is used to measure excessive daytime sleepiness and is repeated after the administration of treatment (e.g., CPAP) to document improvement of symptoms. [6]
Sleep apnea (sleep apnoea or sleep apnœa in British English) is a sleep-related breathing disorder in which repetitive pauses in breathing, periods of shallow breathing, or collapse of the upper airway during sleep results in poor ventilation and sleep disruption.
Sleep apnea is measured by the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). An AHI is determined with a sleep study. AHI values for adults are categorized as: [2] [3] Normal: AHI<5; Mild sleep apnea: 5≤AHI<15; Moderate sleep apnea: 15≤AHI<30; Severe sleep apnea: AHI≥30; An episode is when a person hesitates to breathe or stops their breathing altogether.
A little over 50% of all people with Down syndrome experience obstructive sleep apnea, [59] and some physicians advocate routine testing of this group. [60] In other craniofacial syndromes, the abnormal feature may actually improve the airway, but its correction may put the person at risk for obstructive sleep apnea after surgery when it is ...
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