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Treatment of a subdural hematoma depends on its size and rate of growth. Some small subdural hematomas can be managed by careful monitoring as the blood clot is eventually resorbed naturally. Others can be treated by inserting a small catheter through a hole drilled through the skull and sucking out the hematoma. [citation needed]
Treatment of the loss of autoregulation of the brain's blood vessels may be difficult or impossible. [29] When SIS occurs, surgery does not help and there is little hope for recovery. [ 23 ] Treatment requires immediate recognition and includes administration of osmotic agents and hyperventilation [ 23 ] in order to lower intracranial pressure.
Subdural hemorrhage (SDH) results from tearing of the bridging veins in the subdural space between the dura and arachnoid mater. It can cross the suture lines, but not across dural reflections such as falx cerebri or tentorium cerebelli. [4] Therefore, subdural hematoma always limited to one side of the brain. [3]
The treatment of wounds depends on whether they are external or internal. External wounds bleed outside through a skin break. They need an external wound management (read below). Internal wounds bleed inside, but some of them can pour blood outside through a natural hole. They need an internal wound management (read below).
Epidural hematoma involves bleeding into the area between the skull and the dura mater, the outermost of the three membranes surrounding the brain. [11] In subdural hematoma, bleeding occurs between the dura and the arachnoid mater. [23] Subarachnoid hemorrhage involves bleeding into the space between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater. [23]
Retinal hemorrhage is highly associated with AHT, occurring in 78% of cases of AHT versus 5% of cases of non-abusive head trauma, [7] [8] although such findings rely on poor methodology including circular reasoning. [9] [10] [11] Diagnosis is generally characterized by a triad of findings: retinal hemorrhage, encephalopathy, and subdural ...
Cerebral edema is commonly seen in a variety of brain injuries including ischemic stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, subdural, epidural, or intracerebral hematoma, hydrocephalus, brain cancer, brain infections, low blood sodium levels, high altitude, and acute liver failure.
Because a patient may have a lucid interval, any significant head trauma is regarded as a medical emergency and receives emergency medical treatment even if the patient is conscious. Delayed cerebral edema , a very serious and potentially fatal condition in which the brain swells dramatically, may follow a lucid interval that occurs after a ...