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Parabens are chemical compounds that are commonly used as preservatives in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. Chemically, they are a series of parahydroxybenzoates or esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid (also known as 4-hydroxybenzoic acid). Research is being conducted to evaluate the potential health implications of paraben usage.
The good news is, there are several ways to help minimize the appearance of aging and improve the overall health and appearance of your skin, starting with many of the products on this list.
Texture: Thick, hydrating gel | Ingredients: Niacinamide, ceramides | Other benefits: Oil free, fragrance free, paraben free, sulfate free. Niacinamide — the technical name for vitamin B3 — is ...
Propylparaben (also spelled propyl paraben) is the n-propyl ester of p-hydroxybenzoic acid.It occurs as a natural substance found in many plants and some insects. Additionally, it can be manufactured synthetically for use in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and foods. [1]
Methylparaben is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract or through the skin. [8] It is hydrolyzed to p-hydroxybenzoic acid and rapidly excreted in urine without accumulating in the body. [8] Acute toxicity studies have shown that methylparaben is practically non-toxic by both oral and parenteral administration in animals. [8]
Castor oil and its derivatives are found in many cosmetics as it is "non-comedogenic" (does not exacerbate or contribute to acne). [3]Cerebrosides (cells from the nervous systems of cattle or swine) were once used in some high-end skin-care products to increase moisture retention and to create a smooth skin surface, [4] however the BSE controversy has put an end to this practice.
Serums are light, easily absorbed liquids that one spreads on their skin. The main purpose of the product is to be applied before moisturizer, and the serum provides a high concentration of any specific ingredient on the face. The benefits of serum are skin firmness, smoothness of the face, and reducing the fine lines and wrinkles on ones face.
Skin disease is considered one of the most common occupational diseases. [1] In order to assess if a chemical can be a risk of either causing dermatitis or other more systemic effects and how that risk may be reduced, one must know the extent to which it is absorbed. Thus, dermal exposure is a key aspect of human health risk assessment.