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Ilm al-kalam [a] or ilm al-lahut, [b] often shortened to kalam, is the scholastic, speculative, or rational study of Islamic theology (). [2] It can also be defined as the science that studies the fundamental doctrines of Islamic faith (usul al-din), proving their validity, or refuting doubts regarding them. [3]
Sufism (Arabic: الصوفية, romanized: al-Ṣūfiyya or Arabic: التصوف, romanized: al-Taṣawwuf) is a mystic body of religious practice found within Islam which is characterized by a focus on Islamic purification, spirituality, ritualism, and asceticism.
The third work, Miyar al-Ilm fi Fan al-Mantiq (Criterion of Knowledge in the Art of Logic), was an exposition of Avicenna's Logic that al-Ghazali stated as an appendix to the Tahāfut. And the last work was Al-Iqtisād fī al-iʿtiqad (The Moderation in Belief) , an exposition of Asharite theology to fill the metaphysical doctrine that he ...
The Pen (Arabic: القلم, al-qalam), or Nūn (Arabic: نٓ) is the sixty-eighth chapter of the Qur'an with 52 verses . Quran 68 describes God 's justice and the judgment day . Three notable themes of this Surah are its response to the opponents' objections, warning and admonition to the disbelievers, and exhortation of patience to the ...
The first original Arabic writings on logic were produced by al-Kindi (Alkindus) (805–873), who produced a summary on earlier logic up to his time. The first writings on logic with non-Aristotelian elements was produced by al-Farabi (Alfarabi) (873–950), who discussed the topics of future contingents, the number and relation of the categories, the relation between logic and grammar, and ...
Fitra is an Arabic word that is usually translated as "original disposition", "natural constitution", or "innate nature". [1] The root verb F-Ṭ-R means to split or cleave, also found in Iftar (breaking the fast), Eid al-Fitr, and in the 82nd chapter of the Quran (Surah Al-Infitar - The Splitting).
Ethical Theories in Islam (1991) [6] [7] Philosophy, Dogma, and the Impact of Greek Thought in Islam (1994) An Interpretation of the Qur'an: English Translation of the Meanings (2015) Al-Farabi Founder of Islamic Neoplatonism : His Life, Works and Influence (2002) [8] Islamic Philosophy : A Beginner's Guide [9] Averroes: His Life, Work and ...
‘Ilm (Arabic: علم "knowledge") is the Arabic term for knowledge.In the Islamic context, 'ilm typically refers to religious knowledge. In the Quran, the term "ilm" signifies God's own knowledge, which encompasses both the manifest and hidden aspects of existence.