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The reform of the House of Lords, the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, has been a topic of discussion in UK politics for more than a century. Multiple governments have attempted reform, beginning with the introduction of the Parliament Act 1911 by the incumbent Liberal Government .
Since 1997 the United Kingdom government has been engaged in reforming the House of Lords, the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.The history of reform before 1997, is set out in sections below about reforms of composition and powers carried out in the past and of unsuccessful proposals and attempts at reform in the twentieth century.
The origins of the convention date back to the late 19th century, at which time the Conservatives held a majority in the House of Lords and, with the support of the third Marquess of Salisbury, developed the "Referendal Theory", which applied solely to Liberal legislation, under which the House of Lords could obstruct legislation until it had ...
Reform of the House of Lords has been a part of successive government policies since the early 19th century. [2] The last major change was made in the House of Lords Act 1999 under the first Blair ministry, which provided that: [2]
The House of Lords Act 1999 (c. 34) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. The Act was given royal assent on 11 November 1999. [3] For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats (hereditary peers); the Act removed ...
The last Labour government removed most hereditary peers from the Lords in 1999, but allowed 92 to remain.
Reforming the House of Lords; through either modification of the appointment process, reducing the number of Lords, removing the Lords Spiritual, or abolition. [14] A "Senate of Nations" to replace the House of Lords. [15] Proposed relocation of the Parliament of the United Kingdom [16] House of Lords relocation [17]
Detailed proposals for Lords reform, including a draft House of Lords Reform Bill, were published on 17 May 2011. These included a 300-member hybrid house, of whom 80% would be elected. A further 20% would be appointed, and reserve space would be included for some Church of England archbishops and bishops.