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In neuroanatomy, the maxillary nerve (V 2) is one of the three branches or divisions of the trigeminal nerve, the fifth (CN V) cranial nerve.It comprises the principal functions of sensation from the maxilla, nasal cavity, sinuses, the palate and subsequently that of the mid-face, [1] and is intermediate, both in position and size, between the ophthalmic nerve and the mandibular nerve.
The nerves arise from the trunk of [citation needed] the maxillary nerve (CN V 2) within the pterygopalatine fossa [1]: 496 just before it enters the infraorbital groove. [citation needed] The nerve arises as a single trunk which split into 2-3 nerves within the pterygopalatine fossa. [1]: 496
Its name (trigeminal, from Latin tri- 'three' and -geminus 'twin' [1]) derives from each of the two nerves (one on each side of the pons) having three major branches: the ophthalmic nerve (V 1), the maxillary nerve (V 2), and the mandibular nerve (V 3). The ophthalmic and maxillary nerves are purely sensory, whereas the mandibular nerve ...
The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2), itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V); [2] it may be considered as the terminal branch of the maxillary nerve. [3] It arises from the maxillary nerve in the pterygopalatine fossa. [2]
The zygomatic branches of the facial nerve (malar branches) are nerves of the face.They run across the zygomatic bone to the lateral angle of the orbit.Here, they supply the orbicularis oculi muscle, and join with filaments from the lacrimal nerve and the zygomaticofacial branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2).
The zygomatic nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). It arises in the pterygopalatine fossa and enters the orbit through the inferior orbital fissure before dividing into its two terminal branches: the zygomaticotemporal nerve and zygomaticofacial nerve.
The anterior superior alveolar nerve (or anterior superior dental nerve) is a branch of the infraorbital nerve (itself a branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2)). [1] It passes through the canalis sinuosus to reach and innervate upper front teeth. Through its nasal branch, it also innervates parts of the nasal cavity.
The zygomaticofacial nerve (or zygomaticofacial branch of zygomatic nerve or malar branch of zygomatic nerve [citation needed]) is a cutaneous branch of the maxillary nerve (CN V 2) that arises within the orbit. [1]