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Sleep can follow a physiological or behavioral definition. In the physiological sense, sleep is a state characterized by reversible unconsciousness, special brainwave patterns, sporadic eye movement, loss of muscle tone (possibly with some exceptions; see below regarding the sleep of birds and of aquatic mammals), and a compensatory increase following deprivation of the state, this last known ...
Many species of birds and marine mammals have advantages due to their unihemispheric slow-wave sleep capability, including, but not limited to, increased ability to evade potential predators and the ability to sleep during migration. Unihemispheric sleep allows visual vigilance of the environment, preservation of movement, and in cetaceans ...
The only common observation is that reptiles do not have REM sleep. [7] Sleep in some invertebrates has also been extensively studied, e.g., sleep in fruitflies (Drosophila) [40] and honeybees. [41] Some of the mechanisms of sleep in these animals have been discovered while others remain quite obscure.
To adapt to predation, two common techniques have evolved: positioning oneself out of harm's way while sleeping, and sleeping more lightly (such as unihemispheric sleep). In birds, perch height is believed to play a significant role in sleep; lower perch height has been shown to reduce the number and length of REM sleep episodes in pigeons, and ...
Social hierarchy, diet, brain size and body mass are contributing factors to how much sleep particular animals naturally need. Outside factors might even i Research Shows that Animals, too, Need a ...
Slow-wave sleep is necessary for survival. Some animals, such as dolphins and birds, have the ability to sleep with only one hemisphere of the brain, leaving the other hemisphere awake to carry out normal functions and to remain alert. This kind of sleep is called unihemispheric slow-wave sleep, and is also partially observable in human beings ...
Certain animal species, such as the ornate boxfish, have detailed markings. How do these intricate patterns materialize? A team of engineers may have an answer.
Other aspects of sleep health have been associated with obesity, including daytime napping, sleep timing, the variability of sleep timing, and low sleep efficiency. However, sleep duration is the most-studied for its impact on obesity. [124] Sleep problems have been frequently viewed as a symptom of mental illness rather than a causative factor.