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The BNP test is also used for the risk stratification of patients with acute coronary syndromes. [42] [43] When interpreting an elevated BNP level, values may be elevated due to factors other than heart failure. Lower levels are often seen in obese patients. [44] Higher levels are seen in those with renal disease, in the absence of heart failure.
[27] [28] [29] High troponin T levels have also been reported in patients with inflammatory muscle diseases such as polymyositis or dermatomyositis. [30] [31] Troponins are also increased in rhabdomyolysis. In hypertensive disorders of pregnancy such as preeclampsia, elevated troponin levels indicate some degree of myofibrillary damage. [32] [33]
Test Sensitivity and specificity Approximate peak Description Troponin test: The most sensitive and specific test for myocardial damage. Because it has increased specificity compared with CK-MB, troponin is composed of 3 proteins- Troponin C, Cardic troponin I, and Cardiac troponin T. Troponin I especially has a high affinity for myocardial injury.
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and its pro hormone NT-proBNP are especially useful in diagnosing heart failure, as their levels in the blood increase along with the severity of the condition. [3] Rapid testing of BNP and NT-proBNP can also help distinguish between shortness of breath due to heart and lung-related causes.
Troponin I is a biomarker that responds to treatment interventions. Reductions in troponin I levels proved to reduce the risk of future CVD. [23] [24] [25] High sensitive troponin I used as a screening tool to assess a person's cardiovascular risk and has the potential to reduce the growing cost burden of the healthcare system. [26]
There is no level of BNP that perfectly separates patients with and without heart failure. [14]In screening for congenital heart disease in pediatric patients, an NT-proBNP cut-off value of 91 pg/mL could differentiate an acyanotic heart disease (ACNHD) patient from a healthy patient with a sensitivity of 84% and specificity of 42%. [15]
In addition, some values, including troponin I and brain natriuretic peptide, are given as the estimated appropriate cutoffs to distinguish healthy people from people with specific conditions, which here are myocardial infarction and congestive heart failure, respectively, for the aforementioned substances. [7] [8] [9]
A variety of blood tests are available for analyzing cholesterol transport behavior, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, lipoprotein little a, homocysteine, C-reactive protein, blood sugar control: fasting, after eating or averages using glycated albumen or hemoglobin, myoglobin, creatine kinase, troponin, brain-type natriuretic peptide, etc. to assess the evolution of coronary artery disease and ...