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Cleopatra III's uncle Ptolemy VIII ruled together with her parents from ca 170 BC to 164 BC, at which point he expelled Cleopatra II and Ptolemy VI. However, he was soon forced to abdicate in 163 BC. [2] Cleopatra III's parents retook the throne and remained in power for almost 20 years until 145 BC. Cleopatra III was born between 160 and 155 BC.
Berenice III (101–88, 81–80 BC) ruled alongside her uncle–husband Ptolemy X, her father Ptolemy IX and her brother–husband Ptolemy XI. She briefly ruled by herself from 81 BC to 80 BC before she was murdered on the orders of Ptolemy XI. Cleopatra V (79–68 BC) ruled alongside her husband Ptolemy XII. Cleopatra VI (58–57 BC) ruled ...
Arsinoe III: Ptolemy V Epiphanes (Kg. 203–181 BC) Cleopatra I Syra: Ptolemy VI Philometor (Kg. 181–164 BC, 163–145 BC) Cleopatra II (Qn. 131–127 BC) Ptolemy VIII Physcon (Kg. 170–163 BC, 145–116 BC) Eirene: Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator: Cleopatra III (Qn, 116–101 BC) Ptolemy Memphites: Ptolemy Apion: Cleopatra IV: Ptolemy IX ...
Ptolemy IV Philopator; Ptolemy V Epiphanes; Ptolemy IX Soter; Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator; Ptolemy Epigonos; Ptolemy I Soter; Ptolemy II Philadelphus; Ptolemy III Euergetes; Ptolemy VI Philometor; Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator; Ptolemy VIII Physcon; Ptolemy X Alexander I; Ptolemy XI Alexander II; Ptolemy XII Auletes; Ptolemy XIV Philopator
Ptolemy X married Berenice's probable mother Cleopatra Selene and thus became step-father to the seven-year-old Berenice. They probably had a son together, the future Ptolemy XI, but around 103 BC Cleopatra III forced them to divorce so that Cleopatra Selene could be married to the Seleucid king Antiochus VIII. [8]
The most distinguished scholar at Ptolemy III's court was the polymath and geographer Eratosthenes, most noted for his remarkably accurate calculation of the circumference of the world. Other prominent scholars include the mathematicians Conon of Samos and Apollonius of Perge. [24] Ptolemy III financed construction projects at temples across Egypt.
Meanwhile, Ptolemy III marched along the Levantine coast encountering minimal resistance. The cities of Seleucia and Antioch surrendered to him without a fight in late autumn. [14] At Antioch, Ptolemy III went to the royal palace to plan his next moves with Berenice in person, only to discover that she and her young son had been murdered. [15] [13]
Cleopatra Tryphaena (Ancient Greek: Κλεοπάτρα Τρύφαινα; c. 141 BC – 111 BC), well known simply as Tryphaena; was a Ptolemaic princess. She married the Seleucid king Antiochus VIII Grypus and was queen of Syria (124–111 BC).