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  2. Guanidinium chloride - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanidinium_chloride

    Guanidinium chloride is a weak acid with a pK a of 13.6. The reason that it is such a weak acid is the complete delocalization of the positive charge through three nitrogen atoms (plus a little bit of positive charge on carbon). However, some stronger bases can deprotonate it, such as sodium hydroxide: C(NH 2) + 3 + OH − ⇌ HNC(NH 2) 2 + H 2 O

  3. Guanidine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanidine

    Guanidinium chloride (also known as guanidine hydrochloride) has chaotropic properties and is used to denature proteins. Guanidinium chloride is known to denature proteins with a linear relationship between concentration and free energy of unfolding. In aqueous solutions containing 6 M guanidinium chloride, almost all proteins lose their entire ...

  4. Chaotropic agent - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chaotropic_agent

    A chaotropic agent is a substance which disrupts the structure of, and denatures, macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids (e.g. DNA and RNA).Chaotropic solutes increase the entropy of the system by interfering with intermolecular interactions mediated by non-covalent forces such as hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic effects.

  5. DNA separation by silica adsorption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DNA_separation_by_silica...

    A further explanation of how DNA binds to silica is based on the action of guanidinium chloride (GuHCl), which acts as a chaotrope. [3] A chaotrope denatures biomolecules by disrupting the shell of hydration around them.

  6. ‘Elevated Levels’ of Heavy Metals Found in Popular Protein ...

    www.aol.com/scientists-just-found-lead-cadmium...

    A new Clean Label Project report suggests some protein powders contain heavy metals lead and cadmium. See which ones are safe here, plus what an expert advises.

  7. The 7 Types of Spider Webs and the Incredible Spiders That ...

    www.aol.com/7-types-spider-webs-incredible...

    Perhaps the most famous group of spiders that construct funnel-shaped webs is the Australian funnel-web spiders. There are 36 of them and some are dangerous as they produce a fast-acting and ...

  8. Category:Guanidinium compounds - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Guanidinium_compounds

    Guanidinium chloride; Guanidinium thiocyanate This page was last edited on 23 October 2021, at 14:51 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...

  9. These 11 Pantry Staples Are Made by Some of the Country’s ...

    www.aol.com/11-pantry-staples-made-country...

    Flour + Water Organic Bronze Die Pasta. At San Francisco’s beloved Italian joint Flour + Water, no sauce gets left behind. That’s largely due to its bronze-die extruding process, which makes ...