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Sri Lanka is a tropical island situated close to the southern tip of India. The bird life of Sri Lanka is very rich for its size and more than 500 species have been recorded. In addition to the many resident birds, a considerable number of migratory species winter in the country to escape their northern breeding grounds.
This is the first new bird species discovered in Sri Lanka since 1868, when the Sri Lanka whistling-thrush (Myophonus blighi) was described. [4] There are some proposals for species level taxonomic revisions, and therefore endemic status in Sri Lanka. [1] The country prefix "Sri Lanka" in common names is normally restricted to endemic species.
Bundala National Park is an internationally important wintering ground for migratory water birds in Sri Lanka. Bundala harbors 197 species of birds, the highlight being the greater flamingo, which migrate in large flocks. [1] Bundala was designated a wildlife sanctuary in 1969 and redesignated to a national park on 4 January 1993. [3] In 1991 ...
Kumana Bird Sanctuary, declared in 1938, is included within the Kumana National Park. [3] Kumana is one of the most important bird nesting and breeding grounds in Sri Lanka. 255 species of birds have been recorded in the national park. [6] From April to July tens of thousands of birds migrate to the Kumana swamp area.
Painted storks are among the many water birds that migrate to the park. Udawalawe is also a good birdwatching site. [1] Endemics such as Sri Lanka spurfowl, red-faced malkoha, Sri Lanka grey hornbill, brown-capped babbler, and Sri Lanka junglefowl are among of the breeding resident birds. White wagtail and black-capped kingfisher are rare migrants.
Rare and endangered species such as Sri Lankan leopard and Sri Lankan sloth bear inhabit in Minneriya. Minneriya is one of the areas where the gray slender loris is reportedly found in Sri Lanka. [6] The Minneriya reservoir is an important habitat for large water birds such as lesser adjutant, painted stork, and spot-billed pelican. [1]
Yala is one of the 70 Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Sri Lanka. [10] Of 215 bird species of the park, seven are endemic to Sri Lanka. [2] They are Sri Lanka grey hornbill, Sri Lanka junglefowl, Sri Lanka wood pigeon, crimson-fronted barbet, black-capped bulbul, blue-tailed bee-eater and brown-capped babbler.
Numerous varieties of water and wader birds are found in the sanctuary including cormorants, ducks, egrets, flamingoes, herons, ibis, pelicans and storks. [1] [9] [12] The sanctuary is a haven for birds migrating along Sri Lanka's east coast. [9] Elephants are also found in the sanctuary. [13] [14]