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  2. Concept - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concept

    A concept is an abstract idea that serves as a foundation for more concrete principles, ... There is debate as to the relationship between concepts and natural ...

  3. Principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Principle

    A principle represents values that orient and rule the conduct of persons in a particular society. To "act on principle" is to act in accordance with one's moral ideals. [7] Principles are absorbed in childhood through a process of socialization. There is a presumption of liberty of individuals that is restrained.

  4. Difference (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Difference_(philosophy)

    Gottfried Leibniz's Principle of the identity of indiscernibles states that two things are identical if and only if they share the same and only the same properties. This is a principle which defines identity rather than difference, although it established the tradition in logic and analytical philosophy of conceiving of identity and difference as oppositional.

  5. First principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_principle

    In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption. First principles in philosophy are from first cause [ 1 ] attitudes and taught by Aristotelians , and nuanced versions of first principles are referred to as postulates by Kantians .

  6. Justice as Fairness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_as_Fairness

    The principle is part of justice that established distributive justice.Rawls awards the fair equality of opportunity principle lexical priority over the difference principle: Society cannot adjust inequality to maximize the proportion of those who are most vulnerable without providing positions and the opportunities that are necessary for the worse-off to achieve them.

  7. Metaphysics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphysics

    The principle of the indiscernibility of identicals is widely accepted and holds that numerically identical entities exactly resemble one another. The converse principle, known as the identity of indiscernibles or Leibniz's Law, is more controversial and states that two entities are numerically identical if they exactly resemble one another. [89]

  8. Proof of concept - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proof_of_concept

    Proof of concept testing of oil cleanup equipment. Proof of concept (POC or PoC), also known as proof of principle, is a realization of a certain idea, method or principle in order to demonstrate its feasibility, [1] or viability, [2] or a demonstration in principle with the aim of verifying that some concept or theory has practical potential.

  9. Distinction (philosophy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distinction_(philosophy)

    Aristotle makes the distinction between actuality and potentiality. [4] Actuality is a realization of the way a thing could be, while potency refers simply to the way a thing could be. There are two levels to each: matter itself can be anything, and becomes something actually by causes , making it something which then has the ability to be in a ...