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The deep femoral artery gives off the following branches: Lateral circumflex femoral artery. [1] [2]Medial circumflex femoral artery. [1] [2]3 perforating arteries that perforate the adductor magnus muscle to the posterior and medial compartments of the thigh to connect with the branches of the popliteal artery behind the knee.
The deep femoral artery is a large and important branch that arises from the lateral side of the femoral artery about 1.5 in. (4 cm) below the inguinal ligament. It passes medially behind the femoral vessels and enters the medial fascial compartment of the thigh .
The arteries that supply the posterior compartment of the thigh arise from the inferior gluteal and the perforating branches of the profunda femoris artery, [5] a major collateral branch of the femoral artery and part of the anterior compartment of thigh.
The third perforating artery (a. perforans tertia) is given off below the Adductor brevis; it pierces the Adductor magnus, and divides into branches which supply the posterior femoral muscles; anastomosing above with the higher perforating arteries, and below with the terminal branches of the profunda and the muscular branches of the popliteal.
The lateral circumflex femoral artery (also known as the lateral femoral circumflex artery or the external circumflex artery [1]) is an artery in the upper thigh. [citation needed] It is usually a branch of the profunda femoris artery, and produces three branches. It is mostly distributed to the muscles of the lateral thigh, supplying arterial ...
The medial circumflex femoral artery (internal circumflex artery, [1] medial femoral circumflex artery) is an artery in the upper thigh [2] that arises from the profunda femoris artery. [1] It supplies arterial blood to several muscles in the region, as well as the femoral head and neck.
The cruciate anastomosis is a circulatory anastomosis in the upper thigh [1] formed by the inferior gluteal artery, the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries, the first perforating artery of the deep femoral artery, [2] [1] and the anastomotic branch of the posterior branch of the obturator artery.
The superficial branch of medial circumflex femoral artery appears between the quadratus femoris and upper border of the adductor magnus, and anastomoses with the inferior gluteal artery, lateral femoral circumflex artery, and first of the perforating arteries of the deep femoral artery (crucial anastomosis).