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Anosmia is the inability to perceive odor, or in other words a lack of functioning olfaction.Many patients may experience unilateral or bilateral anosmia. A temporary loss of smell can be caused by a blocked nose or infection. In contrast, a permanent loss of smell may be caused by death of olfactory receptor neurons in the nose or by brain injury in which there is damage to the
In contrast, a permanent loss of smell may be caused by death of olfactory receptor neurons in the nose or by brain injury in which there is damage to the olfactory nerve or damage to brain areas that process smell (see olfactory system). The lack of the sense of smell at birth, usually due to genetic factors, is referred to as congenital anosmia.
An altered sense of taste has effects on food choice and intake, and can lead to weight loss, malnutrition, impaired immunity, and a decline in health. [47] Patients diagnosed with dysgeusia must use caution when adding sugar and salt to food, and must be sure not to overcompensate for their lack of taste with excess amounts. [ 47 ]
Hypoesthesia or numbness is a common side effect of various medical conditions that manifests as a reduced sense of touch or sensation, or a partial loss of sensitivity to sensory stimuli. In everyday speech this is generally referred to as numbness. [1]
Dysesthesia may be caused by a thalamic stroke involving the ventral postero-lateral (VPL) nucleus. It's typically seen in Dejerine-Roussy syndrome with hemi-sensory loss and severe dysesthesia of the affected area. Fibromyalgia may cause dysesthesia in all areas of the body, but mostly the extremities. [medical citation needed]
A loss of smell may be linked to an increased risk of heart failure, research finds. Here, experts explain the link between sense of smell and heart disease.
Damage to the peripheral nervous system or central nervous system can result in a decline or loss of pallesthesia. A diminished sense of vibration is known as pallhypesthesia. [3] To determine whether a patient has diminished or absent pallesthesia, testing can be conducted using a tuning fork at 128 Hz by placing it on the skin overlying a ...
Tramadol withdrawal can also cause feelings of derealization, often alongside psychotic symptoms such as anxiety, paranoia and hallucinations. [ 22 ] Interoceptive exposure exercises have been used in research settings as a means to induce derealization, as well as the related phenomenon depersonalization, in people who are sensitive to high ...