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HCV is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that has been demonstrated to replicate in the hepatocytes of both humans and chimpanzees. A single HCV polyprotein is translated, and then cleaved by cellular and viral proteases into three structural proteins (core, E1, and E2) and seven nonstructural proteins (p7, NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B).
The virus is internalized and the nucleocapsid is released into the cytoplasm of the hepatocyte after binding with the receptor. The NS5B protein, which is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, catalyzes hepatitis C virus replication. [10] The hepatitis C virus can cause acute infection but most patients are asymptomatic upon exposure.
HCV genome. Nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus (HCV). [1] It is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, having the key function of replicating HCV's viral RNA by using the viral positive RNA strand as a template to catalyze the polymerization of ribonucleoside triphosphates (rNTP) during RNA replication.
Moreover, NS5A is a key mediator in regulating host cell function and activity upon HCV infection. [4] Therefore, NS5A has been extensively studied in HCV research also due to its capability to regulate the interferon (IFN) response of the host cells. Because NS5A exerts functionally essential effects in regulation of viral replication ...
It acts as a NS5b polymerase inhibitor. [1] [2] [3] References This page was last edited on 23 March 2024, at 09:51 (UTC). Text is available under ...
The first protease inhibitor approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Ritonavir: Norvir: AbbVie: U.S. patent 5,541,206: March 1, 1996: AbbVie was part of Abbott Laboratories when patent was granted. As well as being a protease inhibitor in its own right, ritonavir inhibits the breakdown of other protease inhibitors.
Current research is focused on small-molecule inhibitors of the viral protease, RNA polymerase and other nonstructural genes. Two agents— boceprevir by Merck [ 66 ] and telaprevir by Vertex Pharmaceuticals —both inhibitors of NS3 protease were approved for use on May 13, 2011, and May 23, 2011, respectively.
It is a member of a class of antiviral drugs known as protease inhibitors. [3] Specifically, telaprevir inhibits the hepatitis C viral enzyme NS3/4A serine protease. [4] Telaprevir is only indicated for use against hepatitis C genotype 1 viral infections and has not been proven to be safe or effective when used for other genotypes of the virus.