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Vinyl derivatives are alkenes. If activated by an adjacent group, the increased polarization of the bond gives rise to characteristic reactivity, which is termed vinylogous : In allyl compounds, where the next carbon is saturated but substituted once, allylic rearrangement and related reactions are observed.
The S−H bond in thiols is weak compared to the O−H bond in alcohols. For CH 3 X−H, the bond enthalpies are 365.07 ± 2.1 kcal/mol for X = S and 440.2 ± 3.0 kcal/mol for X = O. [ 21 ] Hydrogen-atom abstraction from a thiol gives a thiyl radical with the formula RS • , where R = alkyl or aryl.
A borane is a compound with the formula BR x H y although examples include multi-boron derivatives. A large family of boron hydride clusters is also known. In addition to some applications in organic chemistry , the boranes have attracted much attention as they exhibit structures and bonding that differs strongly from the patterns seen in ...
Examples of Lewis dot diagrams used to represent electrons in the chemical bonds between atoms, here showing carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). Lewis diagrams were developed in 1916 by Gilbert N. Lewis to describe chemical bonding and are still widely used today. Each line segment or pair of dots represents a pair of electrons.
One example is [B 12 (CH 3) 12] 2-and its radical derivative [B 12 (CH 3) 12] −. [16] Related cluster compounds with carbon vertices are carboranes; the best known is orthocarborane, C 2 B 10 H 12. Carboranes have few commercial applications. Anionic derivatives such as [C 2 B 9 H 11] 2−, called dicarbollides, ligate similarly to ...
They were discovered in 1993 [33] and greatly expand the overall fullerene class of compounds and can have dangling bonds on their surfaces. Notable examples include boron, nitrogen ( azafullerene ), oxygen, and phosphorus derivatives.
Organosulfur chemistry is the study of the properties and synthesis of organosulfur compounds, which are organic compounds that contain sulfur. [1] They are often associated with foul odors, but many of the sweetest compounds known are organosulfur derivatives, e.g., saccharin.
Hydrazines (R 2 N−NR 2) are a class of chemical compounds with two nitrogen atoms linked via a covalent bond and which carry from one up to four alkyl or aryl substituents. . Hydrazines can be considered as derivatives of the inorganic hydrazine (H 2 N−NH 2), in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by hydrocarbon grou