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The inertia group of w is the subgroup I w of G w consisting of elements σ such that σx ≡ x (mod m w) for all x in R w. In other words, I w consists of the elements of the decomposition group that act trivially on the residue field of w. It is a normal subgroup of G w. The reduced ramification index e(w/v) is independent of w and is denoted ...
This map, known as the Artin map, is a crucial ingredient of class field theory, which studies the finite abelian extensions of a given number field K. [1] In the geometric analogue, for complex manifolds or algebraic geometry over an algebraically closed field, the concepts of decomposition group and inertia group coincide.
For example, if L is a Galois extension of a number field K, the ring of integers O L of L is a Galois module over O K for the Galois group of L/K (see Hilbert–Speiser theorem). If K is a local field, the multiplicative group of its separable closure is a module for the absolute Galois group of K and its study leads to local class field theory.
The more detailed analysis of ramification in number fields can be carried out using extensions of the p-adic numbers, because it is a local question. In that case a quantitative measure of ramification is defined for Galois extensions , basically by asking how far the Galois group moves field elements with respect to the metric.
In algebraic number theory, through completion, the study of ramification of a prime ideal can often be reduced to the case of local fields where a more detailed analysis can be carried out with the aid of tools such as ramification groups. In this article, a local field is non-archimedean and has finite residue field.
The conductor of an abelian extension L/K of number fields can be defined, similarly to the local case, using the Artin map. Specifically, let θ : I m → Gal(L/K) be the global Artin map where the modulus m is a defining modulus for L/K; we say that Artin reciprocity holds for m if θ factors through the ray class group modulo m.
Decomposition group; Inertia group; Frobenius automorphism; Chebotarev's density theorem; Totally real field; Local field. p-adic number; p-adic analysis; Adele ring; Idele group; Idele class group; Adelic algebraic group; Global field; Hasse principle. Hasse–Minkowski theorem; Galois module; Galois cohomology. Brauer group
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