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The British Raj (/ r ɑː dʒ / RAHJ; from Hindustani rāj, 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') [10] was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent, [11] lasting from 1858 to 1947. [12] It is also called Crown rule in India , [ 13 ] or Direct rule in India . [ 14 ]
The province of Burma in the eastern region of the Indian Empire had been made a separate colony in 1937 and became independent in 1948. The East India Company was an English and later British joint-stock company. [1] It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with Mughal India and the East Indies, and later with Qing China.
The plan of the Constituent Assembly of India was drawn up during the British Raj, following negotiations between nationalist leaders and the 1946 Cabinet Mission to India. Its members were elected by the new provincial assemblies formed after the 1946 Indian provincial elections held in January. The Constituent Assembly had 299 representatives ...
The British had direct or indirect control over all parts of present-day India before the middle of the 19th century. In 1857, a local rebellion by a group of sepoys escalated into the Indian Rebellion of 1857 , which took six months to suppress with heavy loss of life on both sides; with British casualties numbering in the thousands and Indian ...
The territorial boundaries and the form of government transmuted substantially throughout the kingdom's lifetime. While originally a feudal vassal under the Vijayanagara Empire, it became a princely state in British Raj from 1799 to 1947, marked in-between by major political changes.
In the middle of the 18th century, the French and the British East India company initiated a protracted struggle for military control of South India. The period was marked by shifting alliances between the two East India companies and the local powers, mercenary armies employed by all sides, and general anarchy in South India.
The prevailing religions of the British Indian Empire based on the Census of India, 1901. The partition of India in 1947 was the division of British India [a] into two independent dominion states, the Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. [3]
The British government introduced the railway to Bengal in 1854. [93] Several rail companies were established in Bengal during the 19th century, including the Eastern Bengal Railway and Assam Bengal Railway. The largest seaport in British Bengal was the Port of Calcutta, one of the busiest ports in the erstwhile British Empire.