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As the Mughal Empire disintegrated in the early 18th century, and then as the Maratha Empire became weakened after the third battle of Panipat, many relatively weak and unstable Indian states which emerged were increasingly open to manipulation by the Europeans, through dependent Indian rulers.
For most of the Colonies established in the Eastern States as Indians realized their colonies were here to stay, the Englishman were often met with much resistance and even war. [13] Large colonies that were growing quicker everyday were threatening to destroy much of precious land held by the Indians. [14]
Aspects of Indian civilisation, administration, culture, and religion spread to much of Asia, which led to the establishment of Indianised kingdoms in the region, forming Greater India. [6] [5] The most significant event between the 7th and 11th centuries was the Tripartite struggle centred on Kannauj.
Sikhs armies led by Guru Hargobind defeat Mughal armies in the Battle of Amritsar (1634) and Battle of Lahira. 1635: 25 April: Sikhs army led by Guru Hargobind defeat a Mughal army in the Battle of Kartarpur: 1636: Kohra (estate) was founded by Babu Himmat Sah. 1644: 8 March: Guru Har Rai becomes seventh guru of Sikhs 1640
The region was sometimes called the Indian Empire, though not officially. [15] As India, it was a founding member of the League of Nations and a founding member of the United Nations in San Francisco in 1945. [16] India was a participating state in the Summer Olympics in 1900, 1920, 1928, 1932, and 1936.
The colonists at Jamestown faced extreme adversity, and by 1617 there were only 351 survivors out of the 1700 colonists who had been transported to Jamestown. [17] After the Virginians discovered the profitability of growing tobacco, the settlement's population boomed from 400 settlers in 1617 to 1240 settlers in 1622.
In British America, wars were often named after the sitting British monarch, such as King William's War or Queen Anne's War.There had already been a King George's War in the 1740s during the reign of King George II, so British colonists named this conflict after their opponents, and it became known as the French and Indian War. [13]
The British were left with large debts following the French and Indian War, so British leaders decided to increase taxation and control of the Thirteen Colonies. [51] They imposed several new taxes, beginning with the Sugar Act 1764 .