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The French Revolution. London: William Heinemann Ltd. Mathiez, Albert (1929). The French Revolution. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. McPhee, Peter (2002). The French Revolution 1789–1799. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-199-24414-6. Mignet, François (1824). History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814. Project Gutenberg eBook.
The earliest Swiss Guard unit to be established on a permanent basis was the Hundred Swiss (Cent-Suisses), which served at the French court from 1490 to 1817. This small force was complemented in 1616 by a Swiss Guards regiment. In the 18th and early 19th centuries several other Swiss Guard units existed for periods in various European courts.
It commemorates the Swiss Guards who were killed in 1792 during the French Revolution, when revolutionaries stormed the Tuileries Palace in Paris. It is one of the most famous monuments in Switzerland, visited annually by about 1.4 million tourists. [1] In 2006, it was placed under Swiss monument protection. [2]
The future Marshal of the Empire, François Joseph Lefebvre, husband of Madame Sans-gêne, first sergeant of the French Guards on 9 April 1788, was not imprisoned, but he was not there. However, he entered as an instructor in the Filles de Saint Thomas Battalion and at the head of a detachment of this battalion, was wounded twice while ...
The Swiss guards, the rank and file have fallen, sacrificed to their fidelity to a master who had deserted and forgotten them; but officers, courtiers, chevaliers de poignard, are lively as ever, intriguing, plotting, vapouring in street and café, openly rejoicing in the triumph which German armies will give them measuring, compasses in hand ...
Swiss Guards in red coats. The Lion Monument in Lucerne, Switzerland, commemorates the sacrifice of the Swiss Guards at the Tuileries in 1792. At the outbreak of the French Revolution the Swiss troops were, as at least nominal foreigners, still considered more reliable than their French counterparts in a time of civil unrest.
Of the Swiss Guard prisoners 135 were killed, 27 were transferred, 86 were set free, and 22 had uncertain fates. [77] According to George Long 122 died and 43 people were released. [ 78 ] The victims had to leave behind money, jewelry, silver, gold, assignats, but also an Aeneid which is widely regarded as Virgil's masterpiece.
Massacre of the Swiss Guards, 1792. During the 17th and 18th centuries twelve regiments of Swiss mercenaries were employed in the French Royal Army, notably the Swiss Guards. During the 10 August riot of 1792, supporters of the French Revolution, including members of the radical-leaning National Guard marched on the Tuileries Palace. King Louis ...