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Moisture sensors [55] in the soil determine the best times to remotely water plants. The irrigation systems can be programmed to switch which side of the tree trunk they water based on the plant's need and rainfall. [46] Innovations are not just limited to plants—they can be used for the welfare of animals.
In situ [a] is a Latin phrase meaning 'in place' or 'on site', derived from in ('in') and situ (ablative of situs, lit. ' place ' ). [ 3 ] The term refers to the examination or occurrence of a process within its original context, without relocation.
Soil vapor extraction (SVE) is a physical treatment process for in situ remediation of volatile contaminants in vadose zone (unsaturated) soils (EPA, 2012). SVE (also referred to as in situ soil venting or vacuum extraction) is based on mass transfer of contaminant from the solid (sorbed) and liquid (aqueous or non-aqueous) phases into the gas phase, with subsequent collection of the gas phase ...
Most automatic irrigation valves are diaphragm valves in which the water above the diaphragm must be discharged for the valve to open. In a hydraulic system, the controller and valves are connected via small plastic tubes approximately 4 mm (¼ in) in diameter. The controller opens the tube connected to the valve, allowing that valve to open.
[24] [44] [45] A 90% decrease in porosity has also been observed in MICP treated soil. [24] Light microscopic imaging suggested that the mechanical strength enhancement of cemented sandy material is caused mostly due to point-to-point contacts of calcium carbonate crystals and adjacent sand grains. [46]
A small center pivot system from beginning to end. Irrigation equipment can also be configured to move in a straight line, where it is termed a lateral move, linear move, wheel move or side-roll irrigation system. [11] [12] In these systems the water is supplied by an irrigation channel running the length of the field. The channel is positioned ...
Irrigation water has a price by which the management costs must be covered. The following tariff (water charge) systems exist: [6] No tariff, the government assumes the costs; Tariff in labor hours, which holds mainly in communal types of management in traditional irrigation systems; Yearly area tariff, a fixed price per ha per year
Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) is a satellite which forms part of ESA's Living Planet Programme. It is intended to provide new insights into Earth's water cycle and climate . In addition, it is intended to provide improved weather forecasting and monitoring of snow and ice accumulation.