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The geology of Africa is varied and complex, and gives rise to the wide variety of landscapes found across the continent. The African continent rests over two main plates. The African Plate , accounting for the whole of north Africa, and the Somali Plate , which accounts for the eastern side of mid and southern Africa. [ 1 ]
Pull-apart basin – Type of basin in geology; Quarry – A place from which a geological material has been excavated from the ground; Rift – Part of a volcano where a set of linear cracks form; Sea cave – Cave formed by the wave action of the sea and located along present or former coastlines
Today, the African plate is moving over Earth's surface at a speed of 32.51 km per million years relative to the Earth's "average" crust velocities (see NNR-MORVEL56) Map of East Africa showing some of the historically active volcanoes (red triangles) and the Afar Triangle (shaded, center) – a triple junction where three plates are pulling ...
The mountains are an exception to Africa's general landscape. Geographers came up with the idea of "high Africa" and "low Africa" to help distinguish the difference in Geography; "high Africa" extending from Ethiopia down south to South Africa and the Cape of Good Hope while "low Africa" representing the plains of the rest of the continent. [9]
Pickford, Martin (2009), "Mio-Plio-Pleistocene geology and palaeobiology of Etosha Pan, Namibia" (PDF), Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia, 14: 95– 139 Senut , Brigite (2000), "Fossil ratite eggshells: A useful tool for Cainozoic biostratigraphy in Namibia" (PDF) , Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia , 12 : 421 ...
The Afar Triangle (also called the Afar Depression) is a geological depression caused by the Afar triple junction, which is part of the Great Rift Valley in East Africa. The region has disclosed fossil specimens of the very earliest hominins ; that is, the earliest of the human clade, and it is thought by some paleontologists to be the cradle ...
Geologic formations of Africa by country (25 C, 12 P) Geologic groups of Africa (4 C, 16 P) ...
Structurally, the geology of Uganda is strongly influenced by fold belts and shear zones, as well as the East Africa Rift related crustal downwarping in the Pleistocene that formed Lake Victoria. The Aswa Shear Zone is one example of several Neoproterozoic shear zones in Precambrian rocks, running for 300 kilometers on a northwestern trend.