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The hierarchy of caste and its role in politics and access to power and resources has created a society of patron-client relationships along caste lines. This eventually led to the practice of vote banking , where voters back only candidates that are in their caste, [ 12 ] or officials from which they expect to receive some kind of benefits.
The Scheduled Caste population in Pakistan is predominantly concentrated in the Sindh province and is considered to represent a substantial segment of the country's Hindu community. Although precise population figures vary due to differences in census data and demographic estimates, it is generally suggested that Scheduled Castes make up about ...
Definitions of caste vary, and opinions differ on whether the term can be used to denote social stratification in non-Hindu communities. Ghaus Ansari uses the term "caste" to describe Muslim social groups with the following characteristics: endogamy within the group; hierarchical gradation of groups; determination of group membership by birth ...
The caste system consists of two different concepts, varna and jati, which may be regarded as different levels of analysis of this system. The caste system as it exists today is thought to be the result of developments during the collapse of the Mughal era and the rise of the British colonial government in India.
Each broad caste level is a hierarchical order that is based on notions of purity, non-purity and impurity. It uses the concepts of defilement to limit contacts between caste categories and to preserve the purity of the upper castes. These caste categories have been exclusionary, endogamous and the social identity inherited. [85]
Members of Qazi family (Urdu: خاندان قاضی), of Sindh in politics: Qazi Abdul Majeed Abid (Qazi Abid), a four-time Federal Minister, Sindh Provincial Minister, and son of Qazi Abdul Qayyum; Fahmida Mirza, Speaker of the National Assembly, former Acting President of Pakistan, three-time Member of the National Assembly, and daughter of ...
Barādarī, or Birādrī or Biraderi (Urdu: برادری), means Brotherhood and originates from the Persian word برادر Baradar, meaning "Brother". In Pakistan and India, it is used to denote a number of clans among South Asian Muslims.
Abro; Arain; Bhati; Bhutto; Bughio; Burfat; Channa; Chachar; Chhutta; Chauhan; Chandio; Dahar; Detha; Dodai; Dhareja; Daudpotro; Effendi; Gurchani; Hanbhi; Hingora ...