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Familial dysautonomia (Riley–Day syndrome), which causes vomiting, speech problems, an inability to cry, and false sensory perception, is almost exclusive to Ashkenazi Jews; [28] Ashkenazi Jews are almost 100 times more likely to carry the disease than anyone else. [29]
In 2014, 19.8% of adult Israelis smoked, 26.3% in the Arab population and 18.4% in the Jewish population. 35% of non-smoking respondents to the World Health Survey reported that they had been exposed to passive smoking. Smoking is responsible for about 8,000 deaths in Israel every year, of which about 700 among passive smokers.
There are many references to Ashkenazi Jews in the literature of medical and population genetics. Indeed, much awareness of "Ashkenazi Jews" as an ethnic group or category stems from the large number of genetic studies of disease, including many that are well reported in the media, that have been conducted among Jews.
The Program for Jewish Genetic Health offers educational programs – both live and online – to various sectors of the community to educate them on Jewish genetic health issues, including the Ashkenazi Jewish link to breast and ovarian cancer, Parkinson's disease, and prostate cancer, as well as alternative family planning options such as pre-implantation genetic diagnosis.
Familial dysautonomia is seen almost exclusively in Ashkenazi Jews and is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Both parents must be carriers for a child to be affected. The carrier frequency in Jews of Eastern and Central European (Ashkenazi) ancestry is about one in 30, while the carrier frequency in non-Jews is unknown.
Ashkenazi Jews have been screened as Tay–Sachs carriers since carrier testing began in 1971. Since the 1970s, many Jewish communities have embraced genetic screening, and in 1971, Israel became the first country to offer free genetic screening [1] and counseling for Tay–Sachs disease and other diseases, leading to international discussion about the proper scope of genetic testing.
Ashkenazi Jews have a high incidence of Tay–Sachs and other lipid storage diseases. In the United States, about 1 in 27 to 1 in 30 Ashkenazi Jews is a recessive carrier. The disease incidence is about 1 in every 3,500 newborns among Ashkenazi Jews. [40] French Canadians and the Cajun community of Louisiana have an occurrence similar to the ...
The incidence among Ashkenazi Jews is estimated to be about one in 40,000 for type A of Niemann–Pick disease. [3] The incidence of both Niemann–Pick disease types A and B in all other populations is estimated to be one in 250,000. [3] The incidence of Niemann–Pick disease type C is estimated to be one in 150,000. [3]