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Kazakh shepherd with his herding dogs. The cattle dog has long worked alongside humans, with the start of herding activities roughly being around the time of the domestication of the sheep. [35] Today's herding dogs have evolved a unique set of traits and mannerisms that makes them ideal for the job. [36]
Dog breeding is the practice of mating selected dogs with the intention of maintaining or producing specific qualities and characteristics. When dogs reproduce without such human intervention, their offspring's characteristics are determined by natural selection , while "dog breeding" refers specifically to the artificial selection of dogs, in ...
Many animal species have specific mating (or breeding) periods e.g. (seasonal breeding) so that offspring are born or hatch at an optimal time. In marine species with limited mobility and external fertilisation like corals , sea urchins and clams , the timing of the common spawning is the only externally visible form of sexual behaviour.
The first group proposed that animal domestication proceeded along a continuum of stages from anthropophily, commensalism, control in the wild, control of captive animals, extensive breeding, intensive breeding, and finally to pets in a slow, gradually intensifying relationship between humans and animals. [45] [55]
Selective breeding (also called artificial selection) is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits (characteristics) by choosing which typically animal or plant males and females will sexually reproduce and have offspring together.
The dog is a domestic animal that likely travelled a commensal pathway into domestication (i.e. humans initially neither benefitted nor were harmed by wild dogs eating refuse from their camps). [ 23 ] [ 26 ] The questions of when and where dogs were first domesticated remains uncertain. [ 20 ]
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For animals, mating strategies include random mating, disassortative mating, assortative mating, or a mating pool. In some birds, it includes behaviors such as nest -building and feeding offspring. The human practice of mating and artificially inseminating domesticated animals is part of animal husbandry .