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Alchemical symbols were used to denote chemical elements and compounds, as well as alchemical apparatus and processes, until the 18th century. Although notation was partly standardized, style and symbol varied between alchemists.
Alchemical Symbols is a Unicode block containing symbols for chemicals and substances used in ancient and medieval alchemy texts. Many of the symbols are duplicates or redundant with previous characters. [3] Few fonts support more than a few characters in this block as of 2021. One that does and is free for personal use is Symbola 14.0.
Glauber's salt – sodium sulfate.Na 2 SO 4; Sal alembroth – salt composed of chlorides of ammonium and mercury.; Sal ammoniac – ammonium chloride.; Sal petrae (Med. Latin: "stone salt")/salt of petra/saltpetre/nitrate of potash – potassium nitrate, KNO 3, typically mined from covered dungheaps.
Many more symbols were in at least sporadic use: one early 17th-century alchemical manuscript lists 22 symbols for mercury alone. [10] Planetary names and symbols for the metals – the seven planets and seven metals known since Classical times in Europe and the Mideast – was ubiquitous in alchemy.
Saturn symbol; Suns in alchemy; V. Venus symbol This page was last edited on 1 September 2023, at 18:19 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...
Mandala illustrating common alchemical concepts, symbols, and processes. From Spiegel der Kunst und Natur. Western alchemical theory corresponds to the worldview of late antiquity in which it was born. Concepts were imported from Neoplatonism and earlier Greek cosmology.
Alchemical symbols; Astronomical symbols. Planet symbols; Chemical symbols; Electronic symbol (for circuit diagrams, etc.) Engineering drawing symbols; Energy Systems Language; Hazard symbols; List of mathematical constants (typically letters and compound symbols) Glossary of mathematical symbols; List of physical constants (typically letters ...
The most influential names in the history of alchemy include: Hermes Trismegistus – by tradition, the founder of Western alchemy; many alchemical works were attributed to him. Wei Boyang – authored the earliest known book on theoretical alchemy in China. Pseudo-Democritus – anonymous author of the oldest extant works of Greco-Egyptian ...