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the design drain spacing (L) can be found from the equation in dependence of the drain depth (Dd) and drain radius (r). Drainage criteria One would not want the water table to be too shallow to avoid crop yield depression nor too deep to avoid drought conditions. This is a subject of drainage research.
Drainage gradient (DG) is a term in road design, defined as the combined slope due to road surface cross slope (CS) and longitudinal slope (hilliness). Although the term may not be used, the concept is also used in roof design and landscape architecture. If the drainage gradient is too low, rain and melt water drainage will be insufficient.
It uses a combination of the energy, momentum, and continuity equations to determine water depth with a given a friction slope (), channel slope (), channel geometry, and also a given flow rate. In practice, this technique is widely used through the computer program HEC-RAS , developed by the US Army Corps of Engineers Hydrologic Engineering ...
In geotechnical engineering, watertable control is the practice of controlling the height of the water table by drainage.Its main applications are in agricultural land (to improve the crop yield using agricultural drainage systems) and in cities to manage the extensive underground infrastructure that includes the foundations of large buildings, underground transit systems, and extensive ...
The two stage drainage ditch is classified as a 'surface' sustainable drainage system, contrary to a sub-surface system. The two stage drainage ditch is a modification of the land whereby grass benches which serve as floodplains are formed within the land of the watershed of the water system, shown in the diagram to the right. [1]
Manning's equation is an algebraic equation that predicts stream velocity as a function of channel roughness, the hydraulic radius, and the channel slope: = / / Darcy's law describes steady, one-dimensional groundwater flow using the hydraulic conductivity and the hydraulic gradient:
Geometry of a fully penetrating well drainage system in a uniform, isotropic aquifer Geometry of a partially penetrating well drainage system in an anisotropic layered aquifer The basic, steady state , equation for flow to fully penetrating wells (i.e. wells reaching the impermeable base) in a regularly spaced well field in a uniform unconfined ...
Drainage density is a quantity used to describe physical parameters of a drainage basin. First described by Robert E. Horton , drainage density is defined as the total length of channel in a drainage basin divided by the total area, represented by the following equation: