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In Christian theology, the incarnation is the belief that the pre-existent divine person of Jesus Christ, God the Son, the second person of the Trinity, and the Logos (Koine Greek for 'word') was "made flesh," [1] "conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary," [2] also known as the Theotokos (Greek for "God-bearer" or "Mother of God").
Incarnation literally means embodied in flesh or taking on flesh. It is the conception and the embodiment of a deity or spirit in some earthly form [ 1 ] or an anthropomorphic form of a god. [ 2 ] It is used to mean a god , deity , or Divine Being in human or animal form on Earth.
The pre-existence of Christ asserts the existence of Christ prior to his incarnation as Jesus.One of the relevant Bible passages is John 1 (John 1:1–18) where, in the Trinitarian interpretation, Christ is identified with a pre-existent divine hypostasis (substantive reality) called the Logos (Koine Greek for "word").
The kenotic ethic is an interpretation of Philippians 2:7 that takes the passage, where Jesus is described as having "emptied himself", as not primarily as Paul putting forth a theory about God in this passage, but as using God's humility exhibited in the incarnation as a call for Christians to be similarly subservient to others. [17] [18]
Peter Eric Enns (born January 2, 1961) is an American Biblical scholar and theologian.He has written widely on hermeneutics, Christianity and science, historicity of the Bible, and Old Testament interpretation.
Stephen L. Harris claims that John adapted Philo's concept of the Logos, identifying Jesus as an incarnation of the divine Logos that formed the universe. [7]While John 1:1 is generally considered the first mention of the Logos in the New Testament, arguably, the first reference occurs in the book of Revelation.
Certain early Christian writers identified the Angel of the Lord as a pre-incarnate Christ. For example, Justin Martyr claimed that the Angel was the Logos. He writes that "He who is called God and appeared to the patriarchs is called both Angel and Lord ...The word of God, therefore, recorded by Moses, when referring to Jacob the grandson of Abraham, speaks thus" [8] and that "neither Abraham ...
The prologue to the Gospel of John identifies Jesus as an incarnation of the divine Word . [84] As the Word, Jesus was eternally present with God, active in all creation, and the source of humanity's moral and spiritual nature. [84] Jesus is not only greater than any past human prophet but greater than any prophet could be.