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Bismuth metal has been known since ancient times and it was one of the first 10 metals to have been discovered. The name bismuth dates to around 1665 and is of uncertain etymology. The name possibly comes from obsolete German Bismuth, Wismut, Wissmuth (early 16th century), perhaps related to Old High German hwiz ("white"). [10]
Bismuth / ˈ b ɪ z m ə θ / is a chemical element that has the symbol Bi and atomic number 83. This heavy, brittle, white crystalline trivalent other metal has a pink tinge and chemically resembles arsenic and antimony. Of all the metals, it is the most naturally diamagnetic, and only mercury has a lower thermal conductivity.
Organobismuth radical is a chemical species that has unpaired electrons on bismuth centers within organic frameworks. [1] These radicals are part of the broader family of pnictogen-centered radicals, which include nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. [2]
Bismite is a bismuth oxide mineral, bismuth trioxide or Bi 2 O 3. It is a monoclinic mineral, but the typical form of occurrence is massive and clay-like with no macroscopic crystals. The color varies from green to yellow. It has a Mohs hardness of 4 to 5 and a specific gravity of 8.5 to 9.5, quite high for a nonmetallic mineral.
Sericite zone, found in nearly all examples, consisting of sericite ± chlorite ± silica, Silicification zone, often gradational with background silica-albite metasomatism. In all cases, these alteration zones are metasomatism effects in the strictest sense, resulting in the addition of potassium, silica, magnesium, and depletion of sodium ...
Several predictions have been made regarding the exact location of the island of stability, though it is generally thought to center near copernicium and flerovium isotopes in the vicinity of the predicted closed neutron shell at N = 184. [2]
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Bismuth has no stable isotopes, but does have one very long-lived isotope; thus, the standard atomic weight can be given as 208.980 40 (1). Although bismuth-209 is now known to be radioactive, it has classically been considered to be a stable isotope because it has a half-life of approximately 2.01×10 19 years, which is more than a billion ...