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Somali is classified within the Cushitic branch of the Afroasiatic family, specifically, Lowland East Cushitic in addition to Afar and Saho. [10] Somali is the best-documented of the Cushitic languages, [11] with academic studies of the language dating back to the late 19th century.
Somali is an agglutinative language, using many affixes and particles to determine and alter the meaning of words.As in other related Afroasiatic languages, Somali nouns are inflected for gender, number and case, while verbs are inflected for persons, number, tenses, and moods.
A number of attempts had been made from the 1920s onwards to standardize the language using a number of different alphabets. Shortly following independence and the 1960 union, the Somali Language Committee was created, headed by Somali scholar Musa Haji Ismail Galal, the first Somali professionally trained in modern phonetics. [5]
Af-Somali's main lexical borrowings come from Arabic. Soravia (1994) noted a total of 1,436 Arabic loanwords in Agostini a.o. 1985, a prominent Somali dictionary. Most of the vocabulary terms consisted of commonly used nouns and a few words that Zaborski (1967:122) observed in the older literature were absent in Agostini's later work. [17]
In Somali, the tone-bearing unit is the mora rather than the vowel of the syllable. A long vowel or a diphthong consists of two morae and can bear two tones. Each mora is defined as being of high or low tone. Only one high tone occurs per word and this must be on the final or penultimate mora. Particles do not have a high tone.
The Somali Latin alphabet is an official writing system in the Federal Republic of Somalia and its constituent Federal Member States.It was developed by a number of leading scholars of Somali, including Musa Haji Ismail Galal, B. W. Andrzejewski and Shire Jama Ahmed specifically for transcribing the Somali language, and is based on the Latin script.
Johnny Somali, an American YouTuber known for his inflammatory stunts, became the center of a South Korean investigation that could keep him trapped in the country for a while. The streamer, whose ...
Maay is not mutually comprehensible with Northern Somali or Benadir, and it differs considerably in sentence structure and phonology. [5] It is also not generally used in education or media. However, Maay speakers often use Standard Somali as a lingua franca. [4] It is learned via mass communications, internal migration, and urbanisation. [5]