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Peptic ulcer disease is when the inner part of the stomach's gastric mucosa (lining of the stomach), the first part of the small intestine, or sometimes the lower esophagus, gets damaged. An ulcer in the stomach is called a gastric ulcer , while one in the first part of the intestines is a duodenal ulcer . [ 1 ]
Several anti-ulcer dosing regimens that combine antibiotics and proton pump inhibitors (PPI) to treat helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) induced peptic ulcer disease (PUD). The role of antibiotic in the therapies is to eradicate H. pylori, while the action of PPI is to reduce gastric acid secretion.
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Turck feeds dogs Bacillus coli and produces ulcers. [7] 1907 Berkley Moynihan suggests that acid is a cause of ulcers. [1] 1910 Schwartz publishes the excess acid theory of the ulcer, coining the famous phrase "no acid, no ulcer." [2] Gibelli claims to be unable to reproduce Turck's study where he artificially created ulcers by feeding dogs ...
Mucosal disruption in acid peptic disease patients can be caused by infection, barrier disruption, or gastric acid hypersecretion.Acid peptic diseases can arise due to various risk factors such as Helicobacter pylori infection, alcoholism, tobacco use, cocaine and amphetamine use, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use (NSAIDs), fasting, Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, angiogenesis inhibitor ...
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Peptic ulcer disease; Infections, such as tuberculosis; and infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis. A rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction is blockage with a gallstone, also termed "Bouveret syndrome" or "Bouveret's syndrome". In children, congenital pyloric stenosis / congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis may be a cause.
Forrest's classification is instrumental when stratifying patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage into high and low risk categories for mortality.It is also a significant method of prediction of the risk of rebleeding and very often is used for evaluation of the endoscopic intervention modalities. [3]