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A developmental venous anomaly (DVA, formerly known as venous angioma) is a congenital variant of the cerebral venous drainage. On imaging it is seen as a number of small deep parenchymal veins converging toward a larger collecting vein.
Cavernous hemangioma, also called cavernous angioma, venous malformation, or cavernoma, [1] [2] is a type of venous malformation due to endothelial dysmorphogenesis from a lesion which is present at birth. A cavernoma in the brain is called a cerebral cavernous malformation or CCM.
The basal ganglia is a collective group of structures in the brain. These include the striatum, (composed of the putamen and caudate nucleus), globus pallidus, substantia nigra, and the subthalamic nucleus. Along with other structures, the basal ganglia are part of a neural circuit that is integral to voluntary motor function. [1]
These include the basal ganglia, language cortices, sensorimotor regions, and white matter tracts. [16] Importantly, eloquent areas are often defined differently across studies [17] where deep cerebellar nuclei, cerebral peduncles, thalamus, hypothalamus, internal capsule, brainstem, and the visual cortex could be included.
The basal ganglia (BG) or basal nuclei are a group of subcortical nuclei found in the brains of vertebrates. In humans and other primates , differences exist, primarily in the division of the globus pallidus into external and internal regions, and in the division of the striatum .
However, those who have deep cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or oedema at basal ganglia are more prone to hydrocephalus development. [13] Any blood clot forms due to an imbalance between coagulation (the formation of the insoluble blood protein fibrin) and fibrinolysis.
Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a cavernous hemangioma that arises in the central nervous system.It can be considered to be a variant of hemangioma, and is characterized by grossly large dilated blood vessels and large vascular channels, less well circumscribed, and more involved with deep structures, with a single layer of endothelium and an absence of neuronal tissue within the lesions.
The caudate nucleus is one of the structures that make up the corpus striatum, which is part of the basal ganglia in the human brain. [1] Although the caudate nucleus has long been associated with motor processes because of its role in Parkinson's disease, [2] [clarification needed] [3] it also plays important roles in nonmotor functions, such as procedural learning, [4] associative learning ...