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Dialectical behavior therapy includes a form of decisional balance sheet called a pros and cons grid. [ 24 ] Kickstarter co-founder Yancey Strickler created a four-cell matrix similar in appearance to a decisional balance sheet that he compared to a bento box , with cells for self and others, present and future.
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Maslow proposed his hierarchy of needs in his 1943 paper "A Theory of Human Motivation" in the journal Psychological Review. [1] The theory is a classification system intended to reflect the universal needs of society as its base, then proceeding to more acquired emotions. [18]
McClelland's thinking was influenced by the pioneering work of Henry Murray, who first identified underlying psychological human needs and motivational processes (1938). It was Murray who set out a taxonomy of needs, including needs for achievement, power, and affiliation—and placed these in the context of an integrated motivational model ...
McClelland's research showed that 86% of the population are dominant in one, two, or all three of these three types of motivation. His subsequent research, published in the 1977 Harvard Business Review article "Power is the Great Motivator", found that those in top management positions had a high need for power and a low need for affiliation ...
McClelland claimed that motivation is "a recurrent concern for a goal state or condition as measured in fantasy, which drives, directs and selects the behavior of the individual". [7] Basing his work on the work of Henry Murray , he focused on three particular motives: the need for achievement (N-Ach); the need for affiliation (N-Aff); and the ...
Intrinsic motivation comes from internal factors like enjoyment and curiosity; it contrasts with extrinsic motivation, which is driven by external factors like obtaining rewards and avoiding punishment. For conscious motivation, the individual is aware of the motive driving the behavior, which is not the case for unconscious motivation.
Motivation and Personality [1] is a book on psychology by Abraham Maslow, first published in 1954. Maslow's work deals with the subject of the nature of human fulfillment and the significance of personal relationships, implementing a conceptualization of self-actualization . [ 2 ]