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Fibonacci numbers are also strongly related to the golden ratio: Binet's formula expresses the n-th Fibonacci number in terms of n and the golden ratio, and implies that the ratio of two consecutive Fibonacci numbers tends to the golden ratio as n increases. Fibonacci numbers are also closely related to Lucas numbers, which obey the same ...
Exceptionally, the golden ratio is equal to the limit of the ratios of successive terms in the Fibonacci sequence and sequence of Lucas numbers: [42] + = + =. In other words, if a Fibonacci and Lucas number is divided by its immediate predecessor in the sequence, the quotient approximates φ {\displaystyle \varphi } .
The ratio between two consecutive elements converges to the golden ratio, except in the case of the sequence which is constantly zero and the sequences where the ratio of the two first terms is (). The sequence can be written in the form
A Fibonacci spiral approximates the golden spiral using quarter-circle arcs inscribed in squares derived from the Fibonacci sequence. A golden spiral with initial radius 1 is the locus of points of polar coordinates (,) satisfying = /, where is the golden ratio.
This produces a sequence where the ratios of successive terms approach the golden ratio, and in fact the terms themselves are roundings of integer powers of the golden ratio. [2] The sequence also has a variety of relationships with the Fibonacci numbers, like the fact that adding any two Fibonacci numbers two terms apart in the Fibonacci ...
In the Fibonacci sequence, each number is the sum of the previous two numbers. Fibonacci omitted the "0" and first "1" included today and began the sequence with 1, 2, 3, ... . He carried the calculation up to the thirteenth place, the value 233, though another manuscript carries it to the next place, the value 377. [34] [35] Fibonacci did not ...
This characterization is exact: every sequence of complex numbers that can be written in the above form is constant-recursive. [20] For example, the Fibonacci number is written in this form using Binet's formula: [21] =,
If = and =, the sequence is the Fibonacci sequence, and the above formula is Binet's formula. If n = 1 , x 0 = 2 , x 1 = 1 {\displaystyle n=1,x_{0}=2,x_{1}=1} one has the Lucas numbers . If n = 2 , {\displaystyle n=2,} the metallic mean is called the silver ratio , and the elements of the sequence starting with x 0 = 0 {\displaystyle x_{0}=0 ...