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Hind Swaraj or Indian Home Rule is a book written by Mahatma Gandhi in 1909. [1] In it he expresses his views on Swaraj, modern civilization, mechanisation, among other matters. [2] In the book, Gandhi repudiates European civilization while expressing loyalty to higher ideals of empire ("moral empire"). [1]
The Indian Home Rule movement was a movement in British India on the lines of the Irish Home Rule movement and other home rule movements. The movement lasted around two years between 1916–1918 and is believed to have set the stage for the Indian independence movement under the leadership of Annie Besant and Bal Gangadhar Tilak to the educated ...
The term was used synonymously with "home-rule" by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati and later on by Mahatma Gandhi, [1] but the word usually refers to Gandhi's concept of Indian independence from foreign domination. [2] Swaraj lays stress on governance, not by a hierarchical government, but by self-governance through individuals and community building.
In 2002, Swaraj Puri filed a defamation suit against the authors worth US$10 million. Puri, who was the police commissioner of Bhopal during the disaster is mentioned in the book. [98] [99] In 2009, the court put an order to halt publication of the book. [98] [99] But, the Madhya Pradesh High Court revoked the order later. [100] 2008
He, along with the young Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Mrs. Annie Besant launched the Home Rule Movement to put forth Indian demands for Home Rule —Indian participation in the affairs of their own country —a precursor to Swaraj. The All India Home Rule League was formed to demand dominion status within the Empire. [13]
From 1920 onwards, Indians, led by Mahatma Gandhi, were engaged in a nationwide non-cooperation movement.Using non-violent methods of civil disobedience known as Satyagraha, protests were organized by the Indian National Congress to challenge oppressive government regulatory measures such as the Rowlatt Act, with the ultimate goal of attaining Swaraj (home rule).
As a personal example, on 1 August, he returned the kasar-i-hind medal that he had received for providing medical service to wounded British soldiers during the Second Boer War. He also became the first president of the Home Rule League, a largely symbolic position which confirmed his position as an advocate for Indian Independence.
Gandhi promised Swaraj within one year if his non-cooperation programme was fully implemented. The other reason to start the non-cooperation movement was that Gandhi lost faith in constitutional methods and turned from cooperator of British rule to non-cooperator campaigning for Indian independence from colonialism. [16]