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The history of Riga, the capital of Latvia, begins as early as the 2nd century with a settlement, the Duna urbs, at a natural harbor not far upriver from the mouth of the Daugava River. Later settled by Livs and Kurs , it was already an established trade center in the early Middle Ages along the Dvina-Dnieper trade route to Byzantium.
Free City of Riga (German: Freie Stadt Riga, Latvian: Rīgas brīvpilsēta) is a city-state, which existed in modern times, one of the German state formations that arose in the medieval Baltic during the crisis of the Livonian Confederation at the end of the 16th century.
The Riga offensive (Russian: Рижская операция), also called the Jugla Offensive or the Battle of Riga (German: Schlacht um Riga), took place in early September 1917 and was the last major campaign on the Eastern Front of World War I before the Russian Provisional Government and its army began disintegrating.
Riga became the capital of Swedish Livonia and the largest city in the entire Swedish Empire. [36] Fighting continued sporadically between Sweden and Poland until the Truce of Altmark in 1629. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] In Latvia, the Swedish period is generally remembered as positive; serfdom was eased, a network of schools was established for the ...
After the capture of Riga, the Freikorps were accused of killing 300 Latvians in Mitau , 200 in Tuckum , 125 in Dünamünde (Daugavgrīva) and over 3,000 in Riga. In June 1919, after taking part in the capture of Riga, General von der Goltz ordered his troops to advance not east against the Red Army , as the Allies had been expecting, but north ...
Totensonntag (German: [ˈtoːtn̩zɔntaːk] ⓘ, Sunday of the Dead), also called Ewigkeitssonntag (Eternity Sunday) or Totenfest, is a Protestant religious holiday in Germany and Switzerland, commemorating the faithful departed.
1721 – Riga becomes part of Russian empire. [4] 1728 – St. Peter and St. Paul Church built (approximate date). [citation needed] 1765 – City Hall built. [4] 1773 Great Cemetery and Pokrov Cemetery established. Himsel Museum established. [11] 1781 – City becomes capital of Riga viceroyalty. [1] 1782 – The Riga City Theater is founded. [12]
The largest ecclesiastical state was the Archbishopric of Riga (18,000 km 2, 6,900 sq mi) followed by the Bishopric of Courland (4,500 km 2, 1,700 sq mi), Bishopric of Dorpat, and Bishopric of Ösel-Wiek. The nominal head of Terra Mariana as well as the city of Riga was the Archbishop of Riga as the apex of the ecclesiastical hierarchy. [15]