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Pitman shorthand is a system of shorthand for the English language developed by Englishman Sir Isaac Pitman (1813–1897), who first presented it in 1837. [1] Like most systems of shorthand, it is a phonetic system; the symbols do not represent letters, but rather sounds, and words are, for the most part, written as they are spoken.
Memorial plaque of Isaac Pitman in Bath Abbey Stamp issued to mark the centenary of Pitman's birth.. Sir Isaac Pitman (4 January 1813 – 22 January 1897) [1] was an English publisher and teacher of the English language who developed the most widely used system of shorthand, known now as Pitman shorthand.
Pitman Shorthand was introduced in 1837 with the release of the inventor's book, Stenographic Sound Hand.It reached Madras in 1886 when a commercial school run by the Pachaiyappa Charities began teaching the language.
Pitman Shorthand [55] 1837: Isaac Pitman: English: Polygraphy [56] 1747: Aulay Macaulay: English: Prévost-Delaunay Shorthand [57] 1878: Hippolyte Prévost and Albert Delaunay: French: Reformed Phonetic Short-Hand [58] 1868: Andrew J. Marsh: English: Scheithauer Shorthand: 1896: Karl Friedrich Scheithauer: German: Used in Germany. Scheithauer ...
Pitman's system uses thick and thin strokes to distinguish related sounds, while Gregg's uses only thin strokes and makes some of the same distinctions by the length of the stroke. In fact, Gregg claimed joint authorship in another shorthand system published in pamphlet form by one Thomas Stratford Malone; Malone, however, claimed sole ...
809 schools in the United States reported the system of shorthand they taught in 1916 and 1918. The proportion teaching the Gregg system was 54.8% in 1916 and 64.4% in 1918. The proportion teaching any Pitman system was 44% in 1918. [4]
Benjamin Pitman (July 24, 1822 – December 28, 1910), also known as Benn Pitman, was an English-born author and popularizer in the United States of Pitman shorthand, a form of what was then called phonography . [1] He was also active in the Arts and Crafts movement in the United States. [2]
Gregg shorthand is a system of shorthand developed by John Robert Gregg in 1888. Distinguished by its phonemic basis, the system prioritizes the sounds of speech over traditional English spelling, enabling rapid writing by employing elliptical figures and lines that bisect them.