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This article lists a number of common generic forms in place names in the British Isles, their meanings and some examples of their use. The study of place names is called toponymy ; for a more detailed examination of this subject in relation to British and Irish place names, refer to Toponymy in the United Kingdom and Ireland .
Most English place-names are Old English. [10] Personal names often appear within the place-names, presumably the names of landowners at the time of the naming. In the north and east, there are many place-names of Norse origin; similarly, these contain many personal names.
The word shares a root with the Germanic word that survives in English as heath.Both descend from a root */kait-/, which developed as Common Celtic */kaito-/ > Common Brittonic and Gaulish */kɛːto-/ > Old Welsh coit > Middle and Modern Welsh coed, Old Cornish cuit > Middle Cornish co(y)s > Cornish cos, Old Breton cot, coet > Middle Breton koed > Breton koad.
Pairs of original elements can produce the same element in a modern place name. For example, the Old English elements den (valley) and dun (hill) are sometimes confused, as they can now lack obvious meanings. Croydon is in a valley and Willesden is on a hill. Multiple meanings. Some elements, such as wich and wick, can have many meanings.
As a result, Old English elements can be found throughout the county, but mostly in the names of towns and villages (Workington, Millom). Very few rivers or mountains contain Old English elements (Eamont, Stainmore), but many of the lakes contain the element mere, meaning 'lake'. Common Old English elements [5] hām - 'homestead, village, manor ...
This is a list of place names originally used in England and then later applied to other places throughout the world via English settlers and explorers. This list is incomplete ; you can help by adding missing items .
List of places in England; Lists of places in Wales; List of places in Scotland; List of places in Northern Ireland; Toponymy in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the study of place names; List of generic forms in place names in the British Isles; United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names
List of Latin place names in Europe; List of modern names for biblical place names; List of renamed places in the United States; List of U.S. place names connected to Sweden; List of U.S. States and Territorial demonyms; List of U.S. state name etymologies; List of U.S. state nicknames; Maghreb toponymy; Names of European cities in different ...