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A definitive diagnosis of tuberculosis can only be made by culturing Mycobacterium tuberculosis organisms from a specimen taken from the patient (most often sputum, but may also include pus, CSF, biopsied tissue, etc.). [1] A diagnosis made other than by culture may only be classified as "probable" or "presumed".
Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid , rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide , and ethambutol for the first two months.
In December 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed the Xpert MTB/RIF for use in tuberculosis (TB) endemic countries. [3] The announcement followed 18 months of assessing its field effectiveness in tuberculosis, MDR-TB, and TB/HIV co-infection. [4] The test may enable the diagnosis of TB in patients likely to be missed by traditional ...
A definitive diagnosis of TB is made by identifying M. tuberculosis in a clinical sample (e.g., sputum, pus, or a tissue biopsy). However, the difficult culture process for this slow-growing organism can take two to six weeks for blood or sputum culture. [104] Thus, treatment is often begun before cultures are confirmed. [105]
As of 2018, IDSA had more than 11,000 members from across the United States and nearly 100 other countries on six different continents. [2] IDSA's purpose is to improve the health of individuals, communities, and society by promoting excellence in patient care, education, research, public health, and prevention relating to infectious diseases.
According to the US guidelines, latent tuberculosis infection diagnosis and treatment is considered for any BCG-vaccinated person whose skin test is 10 mm or greater, if any of these circumstances are present: [citation needed] Was in contact with another person with infectious TB; Was born or has lived in a high TB prevalence country
TB Not clinically active: History of episode(s) of TB or Abnormal but stable radiographic findings Positive reaction to the tuberculin skin test Negative bacteriologic studies (if done) and No clinical or radiographic evidence of current disease 5: TB suspect: Diagnosis pending TB disease should be ruled in or out within 3 months
T-SPOT.TB, a form of ELISpot, the variant of ELISA (licensed in Europe, US, Japan and China). [3] The former test quantitates the amount of IFN-γ produced in response to the ESAT-6 and CFP-10 antigens from Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which are distinguishable from those present in BCG and most other non-tuberculous mycobacteria.