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The Status column has a "golden spike" for every GSSP which has been formally agreed by the ICS. Those without have only candidate sections which have not yet been formally ratified. The clock stands for times that are currently defined only by an age. The "Defining markers" column lists the evidence in the rock used to define the boundary.
A geologic section has to fulfill a set of criteria to be adapted as a GSSP by the ICS. The following list summarizes the criteria: [2] [3] A GSSP has to define the lower boundary of a geologic stage. The lower boundary has to be defined using a primary marker (usually first appearance datum of a fossil species).
In the stratigraphy sub-discipline of geology, a Global Standard Stratigraphic Age, abbreviated GSSA, is a chronological reference point and criterion in the geologic record used to define the boundaries (an internationally sanctioned benchmark point) between different geological periods, epochs or ages on the overall geologic time scale in a chronostratigraphically useful rock layer.
"GSSP at the base of the Phanerozoic Eonothem, Paleozoic Erathem, Cambrian System, Terreneuvian Series, and Fortunian Stage". timescalefoundation.org. Archived from the original on 2022-05-26. "GSSP Table - Paleozoic Era". Archived from the original on 2023-10-08. "GSSPs - The Cambrian System 2019". International Commission on Stratigraphy.
The Kendlbach Formation is a Late Triassic (latest Rhaetian) to Early Jurassic geological formation in Austria and Italy.It contains the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the Hettangian stage (the first stage of the Jurassic period) at the Kuhjoch section in the Karwendel Mountains of Austria.
Upper GSSP ratified: 2000 [2] Stage 10 of the Cambrian is the still unnamed third and final stage of the Furongian series. [3]
Lower GSSP ratified: 14 June 2018 [1] Upper boundary definition: 4.2 kiloyear event: Upper boundary GSSP: Mawmluh Cave, Meghalaya, India Upper GSSP ratified: 14 June ...
English: “Golden spike” at the GSSP of the Selandian stage (lower Upper Paleocene) at Zumaia section, Spanish Basque Country. The spike sits on the top plane of the uppermost limestone bed of the Aitzgorri Limestone Formation which is identical to the basal plane of the overlying red marls of the lowest part of the Itzurun Formation (right-hand outside the picture).