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[88] [89] These effects may not manifest at all in men with AIS, or might only manifest at a much higher concentration of testosterone, depending on the degree of androgen insensitivity. [ 17 ] [ 84 ] [ 85 ] Those undergoing high dose androgen therapy should be monitored for safety and efficacy of treatment, possibly including regular breast ...
Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) is an AIS condition that results in the complete inability of the cell to respond to androgens. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] As such, the insensitivity to androgens is only clinically significant when it occurs in individuals who are exposed to significant amounts of testosterone at some point in their lives ...
Hyperandrogenism is a medical condition characterized by high levels of androgens.It is more common in women than men. [4] Symptoms of hyperandrogenism may include acne, seborrhea, hair loss on the scalp, increased body or facial hair, and infrequent or absent menstruation.
Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is a condition involving the inability to respond to androgens, typically due to androgen receptor dysfunction. [1] It affects 1 in 20,000 to 64,000 XY (karyotypically male) births. The condition results in the partial or complete inability of cells to respond to androgens. [2]
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a group of autosomal recessive disorders characterized by impaired cortisol synthesis. [1] [2] It results from the deficiency of one of the five enzymes required for the synthesis of cortisol in the adrenal cortex. [3]
Mild androgen insensitivity syndrome (MAIS) is an intersex variation that results in a mild impairment of the cell's ability to respond to androgens. [1] [2] [3] The degree of impairment is sufficient to impair spermatogenesis and / or the development of secondary sexual characteristics at puberty in males, but does not affect genital differentiation or development.
Levels of DHEA-S, a major adrenal androgen, throughout life in humans [1] Adrenarche occurs starting at the age of 6 years. [4] [5] After the first year of life, the adrenal glands secrete very low levels of adrenal androgens. [1] Adrenarche begins on average between age 5 to 8 in girls and between 7 and 11 in boys, and precedes puberty by ...
Diagnosis of androgenic deficiency in males is based on symptoms together with at least two measurements of testosterone done first thing in the morning after a period of not eating. [1] In those without symptoms, testing is not generally recommended. [1] Androgen deficiency is not usually checked for diagnosis in healthy women. [18]