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Symbols are used to represent geographic phenomena, which exist in, and are represented by, a variety of spatial forms. Different kinds of symbols are used to portray different spatial forms. [1] Phenomena can be categorized a number of ways, but two are most relevant to symbology: ontological form and dimensionality.
An example of a cartographic style guide for a particular institution, including typography standards. Typography, as an aspect of cartographic design, is the craft of designing and placing text on a map in support of the map symbols, together representing geographic features and their properties.
Typographical symbols and punctuation marks are marks and symbols used in typography with a variety of purposes such as to help with legibility and accessibility, or to identify special cases. This list gives those most commonly encountered with Latin script. For a far more comprehensive list of symbols and signs, see List of Unicode characters.
Traffic signs, including warning signs contain many specialized symbols (see article for list) DOT pictograms; ISO 7001; Exit sign, a.k.a. "running man" [1] Gender symbols for public toilets; Map symbol. Japanese map symbols; International Breastfeeding Symbol; International Symbol of Access; Barber's pole
As a result, different nations can have wildly different direction signs; the United States uses verbose green gantry signs almost universally in built up areas, with few diagrams beyond basic arrows, [7] while the United Kingdom, Ireland and Iceland use signs with fewer words but detailed maps of the approaching junctions.
Road numbers (the term "highway" is not in general use in the UK) are prefixed by a letter indicating the type of road, for example M1, A1, B123 in the UK; A1, N1, D1 in France. These are sometimes highlighted with a different background color, depending on the class of highway and the context of the sign.
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Tern (Example) is used in Austria and Slovakia. Tipografía México (Example/Ejemplo) is used in Mexico, [6] formerly used Highway Gothic. Traditional Arabic is used in Tunisia for Arabic text. Traffic is the typeface used for Persian text in Iran. [3] Trafikkalfabetet (Example) is used in Norway.