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Accuracy is also used as a statistical measure of how well a binary classification test correctly identifies or excludes a condition. That is, the accuracy is the proportion of correct predictions (both true positives and true negatives ) among the total number of cases examined. [ 10 ]
The positive predictive value (PPV), or precision, is defined as = + = where a "true positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a positive result under the gold standard, and a "false positive" is the event that the test makes a positive prediction, and the subject has a negative result under the gold standard.
To calculate the recall for a given class, we divide the number of true positives by the prevalence of this class (number of times that the class occurs in the data sample). The class-wise precision and recall values can then be combined into an overall multi-class evaluation score, e.g., using the macro F1 metric. [21]
If not known and calculated from data, an accuracy comparison test could be made using "Two-proportion z-test, pooled for Ho: p1 = p2". Not used very much is the complementary statistic, the fraction incorrect (FiC): FC + FiC = 1, or (FP + FN)/(TP + TN + FP + FN) – this is the sum of the antidiagonal , divided by the total population.
Inventing Accuracy: A Historical Sociology of Nuclear Missile Guidance. Cambridge, Massachusetts: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-13258-9. Spall, James C.; Maryak, John L. (1992). "A Feasible Bayesian Estimator of Quantiles for Projectile Accuracy from Non-iid Data". Journal of the American Statistical Association. 87 (419): 676– 681.
Precision and recall. In statistical analysis of binary classification and information retrieval systems, the F-score or F-measure is a measure of predictive performance. It is calculated from the precision and recall of the test, where the precision is the number of true positive results divided by the number of all samples predicted to be positive, including those not identified correctly ...
In statistics, the precision matrix or concentration matrix is the matrix inverse of the covariance matrix or dispersion matrix, =. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] For univariate distributions , the precision matrix degenerates into a scalar precision , defined as the reciprocal of the variance , p = 1 σ 2 {\displaystyle p={\frac {1}{\sigma ^{2}}}} .
Measurement errors can be summarized in terms of accuracy and precision. For example, length measurements with a ruler accurately calibrated in whole centimeters will ...