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ISPM 15 affects all wood packaging material (pallets, crates, dunnages, etc.) and requires that they be debarked and then heat treated or fumigated with methyl bromide, and stamped or branded [1] with a mark of compliance. This mark of compliance is colloquially known as the "wheat stamp".
Wood treated with this process is often used for cladding or siding, flooring, furniture and windows. For the control of pests that may be harbored in wood packaging material (i.e. crates and pallets), the ISPM 15 requires heat treatment of wood to 56 °C for 30 minutes to receive the HT stamp.
Heat treatment: The wood must be heated to achieve a minimum core temperature of 56 °C (133 °F) for at least 30 minutes. Pallets treated using this method bear the initials HT near the IPPC logo. Chemical fumigation: The wood must be fumigated with methyl bromide. Pallets treated using this method bear the initials MB near the
These IPPC markings on a wood pallet indicate KD: kiln-dried, HT: heat treated, and DB: debarked. Essentially all wood packaging material that is exported to an IPPC member state must have a stamp such as this.
Heat treatment provides an efficient way to manipulate the properties of the metal by controlling the rate of diffusion and the rate of cooling within the microstructure. Heat treating is often used to alter the mechanical properties of a metallic alloy, manipulating properties such as the hardness, strength, toughness, ductility, and ...
Three of the processes are performed in one step, using oil (oil-heat treatment), nitrogen (Reti wood) and steam (Le-Bois Perdure). [1] The Thermo wood process consists of drying, heat treatment and finally cooling/conditioning, and takes up to 72 hours. [4]
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