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In flat organizations, the number of people directly supervised by each manager is large, and the number of people in the chain of command above each person is small. [2] A manager in a flat organization possesses more responsibility than a manager in a tall organization because there is a greater number of individuals immediately below them who are dependent on direction, help, and support.
Management consists of the planning, prioritizing, and organizing work efforts to accomplish objectives within a business organization. [1] A management style is the particular way managers go about accomplishing these objectives. It encompasses the way they make decisions, how they plan and organize work, and how they exercise authority.
Emphasis on work facilitation: Emphasis on interaction facilitation Focus on structure, roles and tasks: Focus on relationships, well-being and motivation Produce desired results is a priority: Foster positive relationships is a priority Emphasis on goal-setting and a clear plan to achieve goals: Emphasis on team members and communication within
Functional managers provide technical expertise and assign resources as needed. There are advantages and disadvantages of the matrix structure. Some of the disadvantages include tendencies towards anarchy, power struggles and 'sinking' to group and division levels. [14]
Matrix management is an organizational structure in which some individuals report to more than one supervisor or leader—relationships described as solid line or dotted line reporting, also understood in context of vertical, horizontal & diagonal communication in organisation for keeping the best output of product or services.
Positive psychology in the workplace focuses on shifting attention away from negative aspects such as workplace violence, stress, burnout, and job insecurity; it shifts attention to positive and hopeful attributes, resilience, confidence, and a productive work culture that emphasizes professional success and human success. [2]
The informal organization is the interlocking social structure that governs how people work together in practice. [1] It is the aggregate of norms, personal and professional connections through which work gets done and relationships are built among people who share a common organizational affiliation or cluster of affiliations.
The culture of the organization or institution is in turn used to guide the meaning of the organization's work. [ 4 ] There are certain institutions that successfully participate in organizational structures specific to hierarchical management models, thereby configuring power distribution, authority, communication and decision making.