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3000 BC: Receipt in Ancient Mesopotamia [165] 3000 BC – 2800 BC: Prosthesis first documented in the Ancient Near East, in ancient Egypt and Iran, specifically for an eye prosthetics, the eye found in Iran was likely made of bitumen paste that was covered with a thin layer of gold. [166] 3000 BC – 2500 BC: Rhinoplasty in Egypt. [167] [168]
Other Chinese discoveries and inventions from the Medieval period, according to Joseph Needham's research, include: block printing and movable type, phosphorescent paint, and the spinning wheel. The solid-fuel rocket was invented in China about 1150 AD, nearly 200 years after the invention of black powder (which acted as the rocket's fuel).
1983: Kary Mullis invents the polymerase chain reaction, a key discovery in molecular biology; 1986: Karl Müller and Johannes Bednorz: Discovery of High-temperature superconductivity; 1988: Bart van Wees and colleagues at TU Delft and Philips Research discovered the quantized conductance in a two-dimensional electron gas.
In ancient times, culture and knowledge were passed through oral tradition. The development of writing further enabled the preservation of knowledge and culture, allowing information to spread accurately. The earliest scientific traditions of the ancient world developed in the Ancient Near East, with Ancient Egypt and Babylonia in Mesopotamia.
This sub-section is about paper making; for the writing material first used in ancient Egypt, see papyrus.. Paper: Although it is recorded that the Han dynasty (202 BC – AD 220) court eunuch Cai Lun (50 AD – AD 121) invented the pulp papermaking process and established the use of new materials used in making paper, ancient padding and wrapping paper artifacts dating from the 2nd century BC ...
The ancient frames were also lined with dark materials on the inside to reduce harmful glare – similar to how today’s football and baseball players put black strips under their eyes for the ...
Greek inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques invented, innovated or discovered, partially or entirely, by Greeks. Greek people have made major innovations to mathematics , astronomy , chemistry , engineering , architecture , and medicine .
Its invention was a prerequisite for the development of philosophy and later science in ancient times. [2] Moreover, the extent to which philosophy and science would flourish in ancient times depended on the efficiency of a writing system (e.g., use of alphabets). [2]