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In cryptography, key size or key length refers to the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher).. Key length defines the upper-bound on an algorithm's security (i.e. a logarithmic measure of the fastest known attack against an algorithm), because the security of all algorithms can be violated by brute-force attacks.
The key size used for an AES cipher specifies the number of transformation rounds that convert the input, called the plaintext, into the final output, called the ciphertext. The number of rounds are as follows: 10 rounds for 128-bit keys. 12 rounds for 192-bit keys. 14 rounds for 256-bit keys.
256 bits is a common key size for symmetric ciphers in cryptography, such as Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Increasing the word size can accelerate multiple precision mathematical libraries. Applications include cryptography .
Internal state size [note 1] Block size Length size Word size Rounds; BLAKE2b: 512 512 1024 128 [note 2] 64 12 BLAKE2s: 256 256 512 64 [note 3] 32 10 BLAKE3: Unlimited [note 4] 256 [note 5] 512 64 32 7 GOST: 256 256 256 256 32 32 HAVAL: 256/224/192/160/128 256 1024 64 32 3/4/5 MD2: 128 384 128 – 32 18 MD4: 128 128 512 64 32 3 MD5: 128 128 512 ...
SHA-2: A family of two similar hash functions, with different block sizes, known as SHA-256 and SHA-512. They differ in the word size; SHA-256 uses 32-bit words where SHA-512 uses 64-bit words. There are also truncated versions of each standard, known as SHA-224, SHA-384, SHA-512/224 and SHA-512/256. These were also designed by the NSA.
AES key schedule for a 128-bit key. Define: N as the length of the key in 32-bit words: 4 words for AES-128, 6 words for AES-192, and 8 words for AES-256; K 0, K 1, ... K N-1 as the 32-bit words of the original key; R as the number of round keys needed: 11 round keys for AES-128, 13 keys for AES-192, and 15 keys for AES-256 [note 4] W 0, W 1, ...
session encryption key size (bits) for cipher. GCM type of encryption (cipher-block dependency and additional options). SHA (SHA2)hash function. For a digest of 256 and higher. Signature mechanism. Indicates the message authentication algorithm which is used to authenticate a message. 256 Digest size (bits).
CS-Cipher – 64-bit block; Data Encryption Standard (DES) – 64-bit block; FIPS 46-3, 1976; DEAL – an AES candidate derived from DES; DES-X – a variant of DES to increase the key size. FEAL; GDES – a DES variant designed to speed up encryption; Grand Cru – 128-bit block; Hierocrypt-3 – 128-bit block; CRYPTREC recommendation