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Fungal infection, also known as mycosis, is a disease caused by fungi. [ 5 ] [ 13 ] Different types are traditionally divided according to the part of the body affected; superficial, subcutaneous , and systemic.
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. [1] Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection.
Mucormycosis" is often used interchangeably with "zygomycosis", a term made obsolete following changes in classification of the kingdom Fungi. The former phylum Zygomycota included Mucorales, Entomophthorales , and others.
The term "phaeohyphomycosis" was introduced to determine infections caused by dematiaceous (pigmented) filamentous fungi which contain melanin in their cell walls. [11] Phaeohyphomycosis is an uncommon infection, but the number of cases reported has been increasing in recent years. Fungal melanin is thought to be a virulence factor.
Blastomycosis, also known as Gilchrist's disease, is a fungal infection, typically of the lungs, which can spread to brain, stomach, intestine and skin, where it appears as crusting purplish warty plaques with a roundish bumpy edge and central depression.
Coccidioidomycosis (/ k ɒ k ˌ s ɪ d i ɔɪ d oʊ m aɪ ˈ k oʊ s ɪ s /, kok-SID-ee-oy-doh-my-KOH-sis) is a mammalian fungal disease caused by Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. [3]
Subsequently, the word was used in Frank Scully's puzzle book Bedside Manna, after which time, members of the N.P.L. campaigned to include the word in major dictionaries. [ 9 ] [ 10 ] This 45-letter word, referred to as "p45", [ 11 ] first appeared in the 1939 supplement to the Merriam-Webster New International Dictionary, Second Edition .
Another example is cutaneous candidiasis. These fungal infections impair superficial layers of the skin, hair and nails. [1] Dermatomycosis is one of the most common types of infection worldwide. [2] In some populations, over 20% of people have a dermatomycosis, which is typically not severe enough to prompt them to visit a clinic.