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The 7th century Pure Land patriarch Shandao commented on the sutra in his Fashizan 法事讚 (Praise for Dharma Rites), which focuses on the rites associated with the recitation of the sutra. [2] It was also commented on by Sengzhao (384–414), Zhiyi (538–597 CE), Wohnyo , Huijing (578-645 CE) and Kuiji (632-682 CE).
The sutra became a very influential text in East Asian Pure Land Buddhism. It was taken up by Shandao 善導 (613–681), a key Pure Land author, who wrote an important commentary on the sutra called Commentary on the Sūtra of Contemplation of the Buddha of Infinite Life 觀無量壽佛經疏 (T 1753). [ 7 ]
The sutra also contains the forty-eight vows of Amitābha to save all sentient beings. The eighteenth vow is among the most important as it forms a basic tenet of Pure Land Buddhism . This vow states that if a sentient being makes even ten recitations of the Amitābha's name ( nianfo ) they will attain certain rebirth into Amitābha's pure land.
The text of the 18th vow of Amitabha Buddha, according to Infinite Life Sutra, reads: [1]. If, when I attain Buddhahood, sentient beings in the lands of the ten quarters who sincerely and joyfully entrust themselves to me, desire to be born in my land, and call my Name, even ten times, should not be born there, may I not attain perfect Enlightenment.
The earliest known reference to Amitābha in a sutra is the Pratyutpanna Samādhi Sūtra, translated into Chinese by Lokakṣema in 179 CE, with the discovery of a Gandhari language fragment of that sutra announced in 2018. [5] Amitabha is mentioned in numerous Buddhist sources. For example, Kenneth Tanaka writes:
Another important figure in Korean Pure Land thought was the Hwaeom founder Uisang (625–702) who wrote a commentary on the Amitabha sutra, the Amit’a-gyŏng ŭigi (阿彌陀經義記 The meaning of the Amituo jing). [140] Pure land practice was also an important part of the Cheontae school (Korean Tiantai).
In one type of group practice, participants usually recite this mantra three times after reciting the Heart Sutra or the Amitabha Sutra. The word "rebirth" tends to make people think that this mantra is only about "being reborn", and that it can only serve the particular purpose of going to the Pure Land.
Heikenoukyou. The Heike Nōkyō 平家納経, is a collection of Buddhist religious texts in Japan from the late Heian period.These texts include 33 scrolls of the Lotus Sutra, one Amitabha Sutra scroll, one Heart Sutra scroll and one prayer scroll dedicated to the Itsukushima Shrine. [1]