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e. The history of mathematics deals with the origin of discoveries in mathematics and the mathematical methods and notation of the past. Before the modern age and the worldwide spread of knowledge, written examples of new mathematical developments have come to light only in a few locales. From 3000 BC the Mesopotamian states of Sumer, Akkad and ...
Chemistry. The 1871 periodic table constructed by Dmitri Mendeleev. The periodic table is one of the most potent icons in science, lying at the core of chemistry and embodying the most fundamental principles of the field. The history of chemistry represents a time span from ancient history to the present.
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz or Leibnitz [a] (1 July 1646 [O.S. 21 June] – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat who is disputed with Sir Isaac Newton to have invented calculus in addition to many other branches of mathematics, such as binary arithmetic, and statistics.
Family background. Von Neumann was born in Budapest, Kingdom of Hungary (then part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire), [13][14][15] on December 28, 1903, to a wealthy, non-observant Jewish family. His birth name was Neumann János Lajos. In Hungarian, the family name comes first, and his given names are equivalent to John Louis in English.
Scientific career. Fields. Mathematics, engineering, political economy, computer science. Institutions. Trinity College, Cambridge, Peterhouse, Cambridge. Signature. Charles Babbage KH FRS (/ ˈbæbɪdʒ /; 26 December 1791 – 18 October 1871) was an English polymath. [1] A mathematician, philosopher, inventor and mechanical engineer, Babbage ...
Robert Hooke. Robert Hooke FRS (/ hʊk /; 18 July 1635 – 3 March 1703) [ 4 ][ a ] was an English polymath who was active as a physicist ("natural philosopher"), astronomer, geologist, meteorologist and architect. [ 5 ] He is credited as one of the first scientists to investigate living things at microscopic scale in 1665, [ 6 ] using a ...
Archimedes was born c. 287 BC in the seaport city of Syracuse, Sicily, at that time a self-governing colony in Magna Graecia. The date of birth is based on a statement by the Byzantine Greek scholar John Tzetzes that Archimedes lived for 75 years before his death in 212 BC. [8] In the Sand-Reckoner, Archimedes gives his father's name as Phidias ...
Srinivasa Ramanujan Aiyangar[a] (22 December 1887 – 26 April 1920) was an Indian mathematician. Though he had almost no formal training in pure mathematics, he made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions, including solutions to mathematical problems then considered unsolvable.